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Baicalin and lung diseases

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Abstract

Studies focusing on natural products have been conducted worldwide, and the results suggest that their natural ingredients effectively treat a wide range of illnesses. Baicalin (BIA) is a glycoside derived from the flavonoid baicalein present in Scutellaria baicalensis of the Lamiaceae family. Interestingly, BIA has been shown to protect the lungs in several animal models used in numerous studies. Therefore, we fully analyzed the data of the studies that focused on BIA’s lung protective function against various injuries and included them in this review. Interestingly, BIA exhibits promising effects against acute lung injury, lung fibrosis, pulmonary embolism, and lung remodelling associated with COPD, LPS, and paraquat insecticide. BAI exhibits anticancer activity against lung cancer. Additionally, BIA potently attenuates lung damage associated with infections. BIA primarily exerts its therapeutic effects by suppressing inflammation, oxidative stress immune response, and apoptosis pathways. Nrf2/HO-1, PI3K/Akt, NF-κB, STAT3, MAPKs, TLR4, and NLRP3 are important targets in the pulmonary therapeutic effects of BIA on different lung disease models. Consequently, we recommend using it in future potential clinical applications, its contribution to treatment guidelines, and translating its promising effects to clinical practice in lung diseases.

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Funding

This research work was funded by the Institutional Fund projects under grant no. (IFPDP -4-22). Therefore, the authors gratefully acknowledge technical and financial support from the Ministry of Education and Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR), King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Zeina W. Sharawi

  2. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt

    Islam M. Ibrahim & Esraa K. Abd-alhameed

  3. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Hanan S. Althagafy

  4. Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 80327, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia

    Fatima A. Jaber

  5. King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Steve Harakeh

  6. Yousef Abdul Lateef Jameel Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Steve Harakeh

  7. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt

    Emad H. M. Hassanein

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Contributions

The authors confirm contribution to the paper as follows: study conception and design: Emad H. M. Hassanein and Hanan S. Althagafy; data collection: Islam M. Ibrahim, Fatima A. Jaber, and Zeina W Sharawi; draft manuscript preparation: Islam M. Ibrahim, Zeina W Sharawi, Hanan S. Althagafy, and Esraa K. Abd-alhameed; preparation of final manuscript: Emad H. M. Hassanein, Fatima A. Jaber, Steve Harakeh and. General supervision: Steve Harakeh. All authors reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript. The authors confirm that no paper mill and artificial intelligence was used.

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Correspondence to Emad H. M. Hassanein.

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Sharawi, Z.W., Ibrahim, I.M., Abd-alhameed, E.K. et al. Baicalin and lung diseases. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol 397, 1405–1419 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-023-02704-1

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