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Ca2+-dependent suicidal erythrocyte death following zearalenone exposure

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Abstract

Zearalenone, a cereal mycotoxin with mycoestrogen activity and effect on fertility, is known to trigger apoptosis of a variety of nucleated cell types including hematopoietic progenitor cells. In analogy to apoptosis of nucleated cells, eryptosis, the suicidal death of erythrocytes, leads to cell shrinkage and cell membrane scrambling with phosphatidylserine exposure at the erythrocyte surface. The most important stimulator of eryptosis is an increase in cytosolic Ca2+ activity ([Ca2+]i). The present study explored whether zearalenone triggers eryptosis. Erythrocyte volume was estimated from forward scatter, phosphatidylserine exposure at the erythrocyte surface from annexin-V binding, hemolysis from hemoglobin release, and [Ca2+]i from Fluo3 fluorescence. A 48-h exposure to zearalenone (≥25 μM) was followed by a significant increase in [Ca2+]i and annexin-V binding, and a significant decrease in forward scatter. The effect on annexin-V binding was significantly blunted in the nominal absence of extracellular Ca2+. Zearalenone stimulates the suicidal erythrocyte death, an effect at least partially due to stimulation of Ca2+ entry.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the meticulous preparation of the manuscript by Ali Soleimanpour. The study was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology, Physiologisches Institut, University of Tübingen, Gmelinstr. 5, 72076, Tübingen, Germany

    Kashif Jilani & Florian Lang

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  1. Kashif Jilani
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  2. Florian Lang
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Correspondence to Florian Lang.

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Jilani, K., Lang, F. Ca2+-dependent suicidal erythrocyte death following zearalenone exposure. Arch Toxicol 87, 1821–1828 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-013-1037-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-013-1037-1

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