Abstract
A speed-sensorless control strategy is investigated in a wide speed range based on extended Kalman filter (EKF) and direct torque control with space vector modulation (DTC-SVM) for three-level cascaded H-bridge inverter-fed permanent magnet synchronous motor drives. The implementation of conventional SVM technique to the multilevel inverters is considerably complicated and leads to high computational burden. A three-level SVM technique simplified on the basis of two-level voltage vector diagram is proposed to reduce this computational complexity, and in addition, to satisfy some requirements for the safe operation of the inverter such as smooth commutation and minimum number of switching. The estimations of rotor position and speed are achieved using an EKF without high-frequency signal injection, especially at very low and zero speeds. The load torque is also estimated simultaneously to account for the mechanical frictions at steady state to improve the estimation performance. Furthermore, the flux trajectory control based on maximum torque per ampere algorithm is implemented to ensure maximal efficiency for constant torque region. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed drive system is tested under different operating conditions and verified by the simulation results.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Takahashi I, Noguchi T (1986) A new quick-response and high-efficiency control strategy of an induction motor. IEEE Trans Ind Appl 22(5):820–827
Zhong L, Rahman MF, Hu WY, Lim KW (1997) Analysis of direct torque control in permanent magnet synchronous motor drives. IEEE Trans Power Electron 12(3):528–536
Lascu C, Boldea I, Blaabjerg F (2000) A modified direct torque control for induction motor sensorless drive. IEEE Trans Ind Appl 36(1):122–130
Lai YS, Chen JH (2001) A new approach to direct torque control of induction motor drives for constant inverter switching frequency and torque ripple reduction. IEEE Trans Energy Convers 16(3):220–227
Swierczynski D, Kazmierkowski MP (2002) Direct torque control of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) using space vector modulation (DTC-SVM) simulation and experimental results. In: Proceedings of 28th annual IEEE industrial electronics, pp 751–755
Tang L, Zhong L, Rahman MF, Hu Y (2004) A novel direct torque controlled interior permanent magnet synchronous machine drive with low ripple in flux and torque and fixed switching frequency. IEEE Trans Power Electron 19(2):346–354
Mohan D, Zhang X, Foo GHB (2017) Generalized DTC strategy for multilevel inverter fed IPMSMs with constant inverter switching frequency and reduced torque ripples. IEEE Trans Energy Conver 32(3):1031–1041
Brando G, Dannier A, Pizzo AD, Rizzo R, Spina I (2015) Generalised look-up table concept for direct torque control in induction drives with multilevel inverters. IET Electr Power Appl 9(8):556–567
Khoucha F, Lagoun MS, Kheloui A (2011) A comparison of symmetrical and asymmetrical three-phase H-bridge multilevel inverter for DTC induction motor drives. IEEE Trans Energy Convers 26(1):64–72
Khoucha F, Lagoun SM, Marouani M, Kheloui A, Benbouzid MH (2010) Hybrid cascaded H-bridge multilevel-inverter induction-motor-drive direct torque control for automotive applications. IEEE Trans Ind Electron 57(3):892–899
Sapin A, Steimer PK, Simond JJ (2007) Modeling, simulation, and test of a three-level voltage-source inverter with output LC filter and direct torque control. IEEE Trans Ind Appl 43(2):469–475
Mukherjee S, Poddar G (2010) Direct torque control of squirrel cage induction motor for optimum current ripple using three-level inverter. IET Power Electron 3(6):904–914
Naik NV, Panda A, Singh SP (2016) A three-level fuzzy-2 DTC of induction motor drive using SVPWM. IEEE Trans Ind Electron 63(3):1467–1479
Zhang Y, Zhu J, Zhao Z, Xu W, Dorrell DG (2012) An improved direct torque control for three-level inverter-fed induction motor sensorless drive. IEEE Trans Power Electron 27(3):1502–1513
Patil UV, Suryawanshi HM, Renge MM (2014) Closed-loop hybrid direct torque control for medium voltage induction motor drive for performance improvement. IET Power Electron 7(1):3140
Patil UV, Suryawanshi HM, Renge MM (2012) Multicarrier SVPWM controlled diode clamped multilevel inverter based DTC induction motor drive using DSP. In: Proceedings of IEEE power electronics, drives and energy systems, pp 1–5
Wang Y, Li H, Shi X (2006) Direct torque control with space vector modulation for induction motors fed by cascaded multilevel inverters. In: Proceedings of 32nd annual IEEE industrial electronics, pp 1575–1579
Gholinezhad J, Noroozian R (2012) Application of cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter in DTC-SVM based induction motor drive. In: Proceedings of IEEE power electronics and drive system technology, pp 127–132
Usta MA, Okumus HI, Kahveci H (2017) A simplified three-level SVM-DTC induction motor drive with speed and stator resistance estimation based on extended Kalman filter. Electr Eng 99(2):707–720
Hasegawa M, Matsui K (2009) Position sensorless control for interior permanent magnet synchronous motor using adaptive flux observer with inductance identification. IET Electr Power Appl 3(3):209–217
Foo G, Rahman MF (2010) Sensorless direct torque and flux-controlled IPM synchronous motor drive at very low speed without signal injection. IEEE Trans Ind Electron 57(1):395–403
Nguyen D, Dutta R, Rahman MF, Fletcher JE (2016) Performance of a sensorless controlled concentrated-wound interior permanent-magnet synchronous machine at low and zero speed. IEEE Trans Ind Electron 63(4):2016–2026
Boldea I, Paicu MC, Andreescu GD, Blaabjerg F (2009) Active flux DTFC-SVM sensorless control of IPMSM. IEEE Trans Energy Convers 24(2):314–322
Paicu MC, Boldea I, Andreescu GD, Blaabjerg F (2009) Very low speed performance of active flux based sensorless control: interior permanent magnet synchronous motor vector control versus direct torque and flux control. IET Electr Power Appl 3(6):551–561
Foo GHB, Rahman MF (2010) Direct torque control of an IPM-synchronous motor drive at very low speed using a sliding-mode stator flux observer. IEEE Trans Power Electron 25(4):933–942
Foo G, Sayeef S, Rahman MF (2010) Low-speed and standstill operation of a sensorless direct torque and flux controlled IPM synchronous motor drive. IEEE Trans Energy Convers 25(1):25–33
Sayeef S, Foo G, Rahman MF (2010) Rotor position and speed estimation of a variable structure direct-torque-controlled IPM synchronous motor drive at very low speeds including standstill. IEEE Trans Ind Electron 57(11):3715–3723
Wang G, Zhan H, Zhang G, Gui X, Xu D (2014) Adaptive compensation method of position estimation harmonic error for EMF-based observer in sensorless IPMSM drives. IEEE Trans Power Electron 29(6):3055–3064
Wang G, Li T, Zhang G, Gui X, Xu D (2014) Position estimation error reduction using recursive-least-square adaptive filter for model-based sensorless interior permanent-magnet synchronous motor drives. IEEE Trans Ind Electron 61(9):5115–5125
Wang G, Li Ding, Li Z, Xu J, Zhang G, Zhan H, Ni R, Xu D (2014) Enhanced position observer using second-order generalized integrator for sensorless interior permanent magnet synchronous motor drives. IEEE Trans Energy Convers 29(2):486–495
Xu Z, Rahman MF (2012) Comparison of a sliding observer and a Kalman filter for direct-torque-controlled IPM synchronous motor drives. IEEE Trans Ind Electron 59(11):4179–4188
Muzikova V, Glasberger T, Smidl V, Peroutka Z (2014) Comparison of full-model and reduced-model EKF based position and speed estimators for sensorless DTC of permanent magnet synchronous machines. In: Proceedings of IEEE international conference on applied electronics, pp 1–4
Quang NK, Hieu NT, Ha QP (2014) FPGA-based sensorless PMSM speed control using reduced-order extended Kalman filters. IEEE Trans Ind Electron 61(12):6574–6582
Shi Y, Sun K, Huang L, Li Y (2012) Online identification of permanent magnet flux based on extended Kalman filter for IPMSM drive with position sensorless control. IEEE Trans Ind Electron 59(11):4169–4178
Buja GS, Kazmierkowski MP (2004) Direct torque control of PWM inverter-fed AC motors—a survey. IEEE Trans Ind Electron 51(4):744–757
Acknowledgements
First author is supported by TUBITAK with 2214-A Doctorate Research Scholarship Programme. The authors would like to thank TUBITAK.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Guven, S., Usta, M.A. & Okumus, H.I. An improved sensorless DTC-SVM for three-level inverter-fed permanent magnet synchronous motor drive. Electr Eng 100, 2553–2567 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-018-0731-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-018-0731-7