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Prevalence of osteoporosis in osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Abstract

Data are contradictory regarding the relationship between osteoarthritis (OA) and osteoporosis (OP) with some studies showing the increased risk of OP in OA. The study was conducted to determine whether OP prevalence is increased in patients with OA, compared to age and sex-matched population. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library (inception-2019) were searched for studies reporting the frequency, rate, prevalence, incidence, risk, or excess risk of OP in patients with OA compared to age and sex-matched population. Estimates were combined using a random effects model. Consistency was evaluated using the I2 statistic. Articles with fewer than 200 participants were excluded. Of 2772 articles, 49 had full article screening, and 8 articles met the inclusion criteria. Other articles reporting mean BMD and not OP were excluded. In women, 998 participants with OA were compared with 1903 controls. The pooled estimate of the odds ratio for prevalence of OP vs general matched population was not statistically different. In men, 136 participants with OA were compared with 682 controls. The results did not show a statistically significant difference in the frequency of OP in OA in men. According to the site of bone mineral density measurement, a higher prevalence of OP at lumbar spine was found in both men and women. The frequency of OP overall in participants with OA was not different, except for a higher prevalence of OP in lumbar spine in both men and women compared to the matched controls.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada

    Dongkeun Kim, Ali Ahmadi Pirshahid, Yueyang Li, Timothy Varghese & Janet E. Pope

  2. Division of Rheumatology, St. Joseph’s Health Care London, 268 Grosvenor Street, London, ON, N6A 4V2, Canada

    Janet E. Pope

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  1. Dongkeun Kim
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  2. Ali Ahmadi Pirshahid
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  3. Yueyang Li
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Correspondence to Janet E. Pope.

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As this is a meta-analysis of published data, there was no need for IRB approval.

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Highlights

Osteoarthritis patients do not seem to have a different risk of osteoporosis compared to the general population.

Patients with OA likely have more degenerative disc disease and can have false elevations of their bone mineral density at the lumbar spine.

There were no differences between patients with OA and matched population controls for BMD at the hip.

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Kim, D., Pirshahid, A.A., Li, Y. et al. Prevalence of osteoporosis in osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Osteoporos Int 33, 1687–1693 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-022-06376-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-022-06376-0

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