Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Weld profile, microstructure, and mechanical property of laser-welded butt joints of 5A06 Al alloy with static magnetic field support

  • ORIGINAL ARTICLE
  • Published:
The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The magnetic support technology has been widely recognized to be an ideal way of improving the welding quality. In current work, the 7-mm 5A06 Al plates are laser welded with an external static magnetic field aligned vertically to the welding direction. The bead formation, grain configuration, alloying element distribution, and weld hardness are experimentally analyzed to reveal the magnetically dominated flow behavior within the weld pool. The results indicate that, under the function of the magnetostatic field, the continuity and stability of the aluminum welds are improved and the weld width especially on the bead surface diminishes obviously with increasing magnetic flux density from 0 to ~238 mT. The evolutions on weld profile are caused by the induced electromagnetic suppression on the molten convection, especially the Marangoni. The grain enlargement, remarkable grain-boundary segregation, and chemical heterogeneity are found in the seams with magnetic field applied since the blocked melt flow restrains the thermal transfer and decreases the nucleation rate and supercooling degree. The weld hardness achieves lower in fusion zone but higher in HAZ compared with the control case, which is consistent with the microstructure characteristics.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Feng YH, Chen JH, Qiang W, Wang KH (2016) Microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminium alloy 7A52 thick plates welded by robotic double-sided coaxial GTAW process. Mat Sci Eng A-Struct 673:8–15

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Jian HG, Tang XM, Ou L (2016) Interface behavior of aluminum alloy by multipass MIG welding. Rare Metal Mat Eng 45(2):415–420

    Google Scholar 

  3. Lakshminarayanan AK, Balasubramanian V, Elangovan K (2009) Effect of welding processes on tensile properties of AA6061 aluminium alloy joints. Int J Adv Manuf Tech 40(3):286–296

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Zhang ZH, Dong SY, Wang YJ (2015) Microstructure characteristics of thick aluminum alloy plate joints welded by fiber laser. Mater Design 84:173–177

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Ye XH, Chen X (2002) Importance of Marangoni convection in laser full-penetration welding. Chinese Phys Lett 19(6):788–790

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Amara EH, Fabbro R, Hamadi F (2006) Modeling of the melted bath movement induced by the vapor flow in deep penetration laser welding. J Laser Appl 18(1):2–11

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Wang H, Shi YW, Gong SL (2007) Effect of pressure gradient driven convection in the molten pool during the deep penetration laser welding. J Mater Process Tech 184(1–3):386–392

    Google Scholar 

  8. Zhang LJ, Zhang JX, Wu B (2011) Simulation on the melt flow in laser full penetration welding with a model including a non-rotational symmetry keyhole based on energy balance. Rare Metal Mat Eng 40(s4):120–124

    Google Scholar 

  9. Nakamura H, Kawahito Y, Nishimoto K, Katayama S (2015) Elucidation of melt flows and spatter formation mechanisms during high power laser welding of pure titanium. J Laser Appl 27(3):032012

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Faraji AH, Goodarzi M, Seyedein SH, Barbieri G, Maletta C (2015) Numerical modeling of heat transfer and fluid flow in hybrid laser—TIG welding of aluminum alloy AA6082. Int J Adv Manuf Tech 77(9):2067–2082

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Casalino G, Mortello M (2016) Modeling and experimental analysis of fiber laser offset welding of Al-Ti butt joints. Int J Adv Manuf Tech 83(1):89–98

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Matsunawa A (2001) Problems and solutions in deep penetration laser welding. Sci Technol Weld Joi 6(6):351–354

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Katayama S, Kawaguchi S, Mizutani M (2009) Welding phenomena and in-process monitoring in high-power YAG laser welding of aluminium alloy. Weld Int 23(10):753–762

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Metan V, Eigenfeld K, Räbiger D, Leonhardt M, Eckert S (2009) Grain size control in Al-Si alloys by grain refinement and electromagnetic stirring. J Alloy Compd 487(1–2):163–172

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Mapelli C, Gruttadauria A, Peroni M (2010) Application of electromagnetic stirring for the homogenization of aluminium billet cast in a semi-continuous machine. J Mater Process Tech 210(2):306–314

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Jiang SY, Wang XW, Chen HM (2012) The impact of adscititious longitudinal magnetic field on CO2 welding process. Adv Mater Res 538-541:1447–1450

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Wu CS, Yang FG, Gao JQ (2016) Effect of external magnetic field on weld pool flow conditions in high-speed gas metal arc welding. P I Mech Eng B-J Eng 230(1):188–193

    Google Scholar 

  18. Wang L, Wu CS, Gao JQ (2016) Suppression of humping bead in high speed GMAW with external magnetic field. Sci Technol Weld Joi 21(2):131–139

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Thomy C, Vollertsen F (2005) Influence of magnetic fields on dilution during laser welding of aluminium. Adv Mater Res 6-8:179–186

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Tang Z, Gatzen M (2010) Influence on the dilution by laser welding of aluminum with magnetic stirring. Phys Procedia 5:125–137

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Gatzen M, Tang Z, Vollertsen F (2011) Effect of electromagnetic stirring on the element distribution in laser beam welding of aluminium with filler wire. Phys Procedia 12(1):56–65

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Avilov VV, Gumenyuk A, Lammers M (2012) PA position full penetration high power laser beam welding of up to 30 mm thick AlMg3 plates using electromagnetic weld pool support. Sci Technol Weld Joi 17(2):128–133

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Bachmann M, Avilov V, Gumenyuk A, Rethmeier M (2012) Numerical simulation of full-penetration laser beam welding of thick aluminium plates with inductive support. J Phys D Appl Phys 45(5):035201

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Kou S (1987) Welding metallurgy. John Wiley & Sons Inc, New York, pp 147–154

    Google Scholar 

  25. Mousavi MG, Hermans MJM, Richardson IM, den Ouden G (2003) Grain refinement due to grain detachment in electromagnetically stirred AA7020 welds. Sci Technol Weld Joi 8(4):309–312

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Kern M, Berger P, Hügel H (2000) Magneto-fluid dynamic control of seam quality in CO2 laser beam welding. Weld J 79(3):72S–78S

    Google Scholar 

  27. Bachmann M, Avilov V, Gumenyuk A (2013) About the influence of a steady magnetic field on weld pool dynamics in partial penetration high power laser beam welding of thick aluminium parts. Int J Heat Mass Tran 60(60):309–321

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Chen R, Wang CM, Jiang P, Shao XY, Zhao ZY, Gao ZM, Yue C (2016) Effect of axial magnetic field in the laser beam welding of stainless steel to aluminum alloy. Metal Design 109:146–152

    Google Scholar 

  29. Bachmann M, Avilov V, Gumenyuk A, Rethmeier M (2016) Numerical assessment and experimental verification of the influence of the Hartmann effect in laser beam welding processes by steady magnetic fields. Int J Therm Sci 101:24–34

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Zeng Z, Li XB, Peng B, Li M, Zhou ZM, Tang ML (2015) Comparative study of 5A06 aluminum alloy welded joints obtained by different laser-tungsten inert gas hybrid welding. T Indian I Metals 68(3):341–351

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211106, China

    Jicheng Chen, Yanhong Wei & Xiaohong Zhan

  2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA

    Xiaohong Zhan

  3. Shanghai Space Propulsion Research Institute, China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, Shanghai, 201112, China

    Pan Pan

Authors
  1. Jicheng Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yanhong Wei
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Xiaohong Zhan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Pan Pan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Xiaohong Zhan.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Chen, J., Wei, Y., Zhan, X. et al. Weld profile, microstructure, and mechanical property of laser-welded butt joints of 5A06 Al alloy with static magnetic field support. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 92, 1677–1686 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-017-0268-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-017-0268-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation