Zusammenfassung
Die endoprothetische Versorgung von schmerzhaften und zerstörten Gelenken gehört zu den erfolgreichsten Eingriffen in der Medizin. In den allermeisten Fällen kann dadurch die Gelenkfunktion wiederhergestellt und die Schmerzsymptomatik beseitigt werden. Mit zunehmend besseren Standzeiten von Endoprothesen und steigenden Ansprüchen an die Lebensqualität, die immer mehr von Selbstständigkeit sowie körperlicher Mobilität bestimmt wird, verschieben sich jedoch auch die Ansprüche an die Implantation einer Endoprothese in den Industrienationen. Während v. a. die Hüftendoprothetik als erstes und dann rasch verbreitetes Verfahren anfangs noch als zurückhaltend eingesetztes Instrument zur Schmerzbesserung älterer Menschen diente, rückte mit steigendem Erfolg des endoprothetischen Ersatzes auch anderer Gelenke immer mehr die Wiederherstellung körperlicher Aktivität in den Vordergrund. Die Indikationsstellung zum Gelenkersatz wird daher zunehmend auf jüngere Patienten mit oft hohen sportlichen und beruflichen Ansprüchen ausgeweitet.
Anhand einer Analyse publizierter Daten soll in dieser Arbeit versucht werden, einen Überblick über die Ergebnisse der endoprothetischen Versorgung von Schulter-, Hüft- und Kniegelenk sowie oberem Sprunggelenk und Großzehengrundgelenk bei Patienten im jüngeren Lebensalter zu geben. Unter Berücksichtigung veränderter Ansprüche fokussiert die Auswertung neben einer Bewertung von mittel- und langfristigen Standzeiten deshalb auch auf die Frage, inwieweit bei einer Arthrose funktionelle Verbesserungen durch den Gelenkersatz erreichbar sind und dauerhaft erhalten bleiben.
Abstract
Arthroplasty has become the most successful surgical procedure in developed countries. Replacement of severely damaged joints results in a substantial relief of pain, as the main symptom of osteoarthritis, in the majority of treated patients. With improved results in endoprosthetic surgery over the last decades, however, patients are increasingly undergoing the procedure to enhance their functional capacity and physical mobility. Especially younger patients, who cannot accept a restriction in their professional or sports activity, have become demanding candidates for surgery.
This review summarizes the published results on shoulder, hip, knee, ankle and first metatarsophalangeal joint replacement in patients who are younger than 50 years of age. Mid- and long-term follow-up studies in this age group are evaluated in terms of prosthesis survival as well as functional improvement.
Abbreviations
- GZGG:
-
Großzehengrundgelenk
- OSG:
-
oberes Sprunggelenk
- PE:
-
Polyethylen
- RA:
-
Rheumatoide Arthritis
- SG:
-
Schultergelenk
- TEP:
-
Totalendoprothese
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Ziegler, J., Amlang, M., Bottesi, M. et al. Ergebnisse endoprothetischer Versorgung bei Patienten vor dem 50. Lebensjahr. Orthopäde 36, 325–336 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-007-1068-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-007-1068-5