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Prevalence of 12-month mental and substance use disorders in sexual minority college students in Mexico

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Abstract

Purpose

Mental health disparities have been documented among sexual minority college students, but there is a dearth of evidence from developing countries. The aim is to estimate the prevalence of 12-month mental and substance use disorders across a range of sexual identities among first-year college students in Mexican universities, and test whether there is an association between sexual identity and disorders and whether the association is moderated by gender.

Method

The University Project for Healthy Students, a web-based survey conducted as part of the World Health Organization’s World Mental Health International College Student initiative, recruited 7874 students from nine Mexican universities in 2016 and 2017. Logistic regressions estimated the association of sexual identity with 12-month major depressive episode, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, alcohol abuse/dependence, and drug abuse/dependence, with interaction terms for gender.

Results

Compared to heterosexual students reporting no same-sex attraction (SSA), heterosexual students with SSA (AORs range 1.77–3.67) and lesbian/gay and bisexual students (AORs range 2.22–5.32) were at a higher risk for several disorders. Asexual students were at higher risk for drug abuse/dependence (AOR = 3.64). Students unsure of their sexual identity were at a higher risk for major depressive episode, panic disorder, and drug abuse/dependence (AORs range 2.25–3.82). Gender differences varied across sexual identity and disorder.

Conclusion

These findings are the first empirical report of sexual minority psychiatric disparities among a college student population from a developing nation and underscore the importance of clinical interventions that address mental health needs among sexual minority college students.

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Acknowledgements

The survey was carried out in conjunction with the World Health Organization World Mental Health International College Surveys Initiative (WHO WMH-ICS). The authors thank the WHO WMH-ICS collaborators and staff for assistance with instrumentation. Dr. Benjet received support from the (Mexican) National Council of Science and Technology (CONACyT; CB-2016-01-285548) with supplemental support from the Fundación Miguel Alemán A.C. Writing of the manuscript was supported in part by a grant from the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, T37 MD003405.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Counseling & Counseling Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA

    Roberto Rentería

  2. Dirección de Investigaciones Epidemiológicas y Psicosociales, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad De México, Mexico

    Corina Benjet, Guilherme Borges, María Elena Medina-Mora & Enrique Méndez

  3. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, Universidad De La Salle Bajío, Campus Salamanca, Salamanca, Guanajuato, Mexico

    Raúl A. Gutiérrez-García, Rogaciano González-González & María Abigail Paz Pérez

  4. Dirección de Investigación, Universidad Politécnica de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico

    Adrián Abrego-Ramírez

  5. Dirección de Educación a Distancia, Universidad Cuauhtémoc, Plantel Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico

    Adrián Abrego-Ramírez

  6. Departamento de Salud Púbica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad De México, Mexico

    Yesica Albor

  7. Dirección de Investigación, Universidad La Salle Noroeste, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, Mexico

    María Anabell Covarrubias Díaz-Couder

  8. Dirección de Orientación y Desarrollo Educativo, Universidad De La Salle Bajío, Campus Campestre, León, Guanajuato, Mexico

    María del Socorro Durán & Gustavo Pérez Tarango

  9. Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud y Coordinación de Investigación, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico

    Rebeca Guzmán Saldaña

  10. Departamento de Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico

    Alicia E. Hermosillo De la Torre & Kalina I. Martinez Martinez

  11. Unidad Académica de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, Mexico

    Ana María Martínez-Jerez

  12. Coordinación de Investigación, Universidad La Salle Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico

    Sinead Martínez Ruiz

  13. Dirección de Investigación, Universidad De La Salle Bajío, Campus Campestre, León, Guanajuato, Mexico

    María Alicia Zavala Berbena

  14. Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York City, NY, USA

    Randy P. Auerbach

  15. Health Services Research Unit, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain

    Philippe Mortier

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  1. Roberto Rentería
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Correspondence to Corina Benjet.

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All participation was confidential and voluntary, and required informed consent. The recruitment, consent, and data collection procedures were approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the National Institute of Psychiatry in Mexico City, Mexico, which, therefore, have been performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.

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Rentería, R., Benjet, C., Gutiérrez-García, R.A. et al. Prevalence of 12-month mental and substance use disorders in sexual minority college students in Mexico. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 56, 247–257 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-020-01943-4

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