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Effect of oxidation state on Bi mineral speciation in oxidized and reduced granitoids from the Uetsu region, NE Japan

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Abstract

The relationship between bismuth (Bi) mineral speciation and redox state in three types of granitoids from the Uetsu region, northeast Japan is investigated. Electron microprobe analysis of Bi minerals, sphalerite, Mg-Fe-bearing carbonate minerals, and muscovite, as well as sulfur isotope analysis of sulfide minerals and microthermometric study of fluid inclusions reveal that Bi mineral speciation varies according to the redox state of the granitoids. For example, native bismuth and bismuthinite are abundant and Bi sulfosalts are rare in the lowest fS2 and fO2 mineralized zones of the reduced Iwafune granite (S-type, ilmenite-series) while Bi sulfosalts (Bi3+) are abundant and trace amounts of native bismuth (Bi0) and bismuthinite are found in the highest fS2 and fO2 mineralized zones of the oxidized Wasada granodiorite (I-type, magnetite-series). Bismuthinite is a major Bi mineral, and native bismuth and Bi sulfosalts occur in only minor amounts in the mineralized zones of the Nishitagawa granodiorite (I-type, ilmenite-series), which has intermediate fS2 and fO2 to that of the Iwafune and Wasada samples. Our study indicates that Bi mineral speciation related to granitic intrusive activity is controlled by the redox state of the magmatism, such that native bismuth is typical of reducing conditions, whereas Bi sulfosalts are typical of oxidizing conditions.

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Acknowledgments

Special thanks are due to Emeritus Prof. Hidehiko Shimazaki for providing the ore specimens from some deposits owned by the University Museum, the University of Tokyo. We are indebted to Mrs. Jun-Ichi Igarashi, Yasunori Kudo, and Toshiro Ito for providing the ore specimens from some deposits. The first author is grateful to Mrs. Naoki Shibuya, Kazunori Miyamato, Yaeita Togashi, and Isami Isobe for helping him in the field surveys and Mrs. Takuya Yamazaki and Yuki Nakajima for helping him in the isotope analyses and fluid inclusion study. We thank Prof. Nigel J. Cook and an anonymous reviewer for their constructive and editorial comments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Yamagata University, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, 1-4-12 Kojirakawa, Yamagata, Yamagata, 990-8560, Japan

    Yuya Izumino

  2. Division of Integrative Environmental Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, Tsukuba University, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan

    Teruyuki Maruoka

  3. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Yamagata University, 1-4-12 Kojirakawa, Yamagata, Yamagata, 990-8560, Japan

    Kazuo Nakashima

Authors
  1. Yuya Izumino
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  2. Teruyuki Maruoka
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Correspondence to Kazuo Nakashima.

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Editorial handling: B. Lehmann

Electronic supplementary material

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ESM 1

Table S1 Representative EPMA data of Bi minerals from the Iwafune (IWA samples) *Izumino and Nakashima (2015b) (XLSX 14 kb)

ESM 2

Table S2 Representative EPMA data of Bi minerals from the Wasada (WAS samples) *Izumino et al. (2014). **Izumino and Nakashima (2014) (XLSX 14 kb)

ESM 3

Table S3 Representative EPMA data of Bi minerals from the Nishitagawa (NIS samples) *Izumino and Nakashima (2015a) (XLSX 14 kb)

ESM 4

Table S4 Representative EPMA data of sphalerite from the Iwafune (IWA samples), Wasada (WAS samples) and Nishitagawa (NIS samples) (XLSX 13 kb)

ESM 5

Table S5 Representative EPMA data of Mg-Fe-bearing carbonate minerals from the Iwafune (IWA samples) and Wasada (WAS samples) CO2 was calculated by stoichiometry (XLSX 13 kb)

ESM 6

Table S6 Representative EPMA data of muscovite from the Iwafune (IWA samples), Wasada (WAS samples) and Nishitagawa (NIS samples) (XLSX 18 kb)

ESM 7

Table S7 Analytical results of sulfur isotope compositions of sulfide minerals from the ore deposits in the Uetsu region *Measured by Actlabs Analytical errors ±0.2 ‰ (XLSX 11 kb)

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Izumino, Y., Maruoka, T. & Nakashima, K. Effect of oxidation state on Bi mineral speciation in oxidized and reduced granitoids from the Uetsu region, NE Japan. Miner Deposita 51, 603–618 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-015-0629-5

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