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IA-2 antibodies – a sensitive marker of IDDM with clinical onset in childhood and adolescence

  • Published: March 1998
  • Volume 41, pages 424–429, (1998)
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Diabetologia Aims and scope Submit manuscript
IA-2 antibodies – a sensitive marker of IDDM with clinical onset in childhood and adolescence
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  • K. Savola1,
  • E. Bonifacio2,
  • E. Sabbah1,
  • P. Kulmala1,
  • P. Vähäsalo1,
  • J. Karjalainen1,
  • E. Tuomilehto-Wolf3,
  • J. Meriläinen4,
  • H. K. Åkerblom5,
  • M. Knip1 &
  • Childhood Diabetes Finland Study Group
  • 925 Accesses

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Summary

To study the relationship of IA-2 antibodies (IA-2A) to other autoantibodies and genetic risk markers in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 758 children and adolescents younger than 15 years of age (mean age 8.4 years) with newly diagnosed diabetes were analysed for IA-2A, GAD antibodies (GADA) and insulin autoantibodies (IAA) with radiobinding assays, for islet cell antibodies (ICA) with immunofluorescence and for HLA DR alleles by serology. IA-2A were detected in 85.9 % of cases with no association with gender or age. An overwhelming majority of the patients (71.3 %) tested positive for three or more antibodies, and 90.7 % for at least two. Fifty-four subjects (7.1 %) had one antibody detectable, whereas only 2.1 % of the patients tested negative for all four. A higher proportion of patients was positive for IA-2A and/or GADA than for ICA alone (95.5 vs 84.2 %, p < 0.001). The prevalence and level of IA-2A were increased in cases carrying HLA DR4/non-DR3 compared with other DR combinations. The results indicate that almost all patients with newly diagnosed childhood IDDM can be identified by screening with these four autoantibodies. The combination of IA-2A and/or GADA had a higher sensitivity for IDDM than ICA alone. The close association between IA-2A and HLA DR4, the strongest single allele predisposing to IDDM, suggests that IA-2A may be a more specific marker of beta-cell destruction than GADA, which have been shown to associate with the DR3 allele and thyroid autoimmunity. [Diabetologia (1998) 41: 424–429]

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, , , , , , FI

    K. Savola, E. Sabbah, P. Kulmala, P. Vähäsalo, J. Karjalainen & M. Knip

  2. Scientific Institute of San Raffaele, Milan, Italy, , , , , , IT

    E. Bonifacio

  3. National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland, , , , , , FI

    E. Tuomilehto-Wolf

  4. Department of Pathology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, , , , , , FI

    J. Meriläinen

  5. The Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, , , , , , FI

    H. K. Åkerblom

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  1. K. Savola
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  2. E. Bonifacio
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  3. E. Sabbah
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  4. P. Kulmala
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  5. P. Vähäsalo
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  6. J. Karjalainen
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  7. E. Tuomilehto-Wolf
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  8. J. Meriläinen
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  9. H. K. Åkerblom
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  10. M. Knip
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Childhood Diabetes Finland Study Group

Additional information

Received: 20 August 1997 and in final revised form: 13 November 1997

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Savola, K., Bonifacio, E., Sabbah, E. et al. IA-2 antibodies – a sensitive marker of IDDM with clinical onset in childhood and adolescence. Diabetologia 41, 424–429 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/s001250050925

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  • Issue Date: March 1998

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s001250050925

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  • Keywords IA-2 antibodies
  • GAD antibodies
  • insulin autoantibodies
  • islet cell antibodies
  • HLA risk markers.
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