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Introgression and targeting of the Pl37 and Pl38 genes for downy mildew resistance from wild Helianthus annuus and H. praecox into cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

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Abstract

Key message

Two new downy mildew resistance genes, Pl37 and Pl38, were introgressed from wild sunflower species into cultivated sunflower and mapped to sunflower chromosomes 4 and 2, respectively

Abstract

Downy mildew (DM), caused by the oomycete pathogen Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl. & de Toni, is known as the most prevalent disease occurring in global sunflower production areas, especially in North America and Europe. In this study, we report the introgression and molecular mapping of two new DM resistance genes from wild sunflower species, Helianthus annuus and H. praecox, into cultivated sunflower. Two mapping populations were developed from the crosses of HA 89/H. annuus PI 435417 (Pop1) and CMS HA 89/H. praecox PRA-417 (Pop2). The phenotypic evaluation of DM resistance/susceptibility was conducted in the BC1F2-derived BC1F3 populations using P. halstedii race 734. The BC1F2 segregating Pop1 was genotyped using an Optimal GBS AgriSeq™ Panel consisting of 768 mapped SNP markers, while the BC1F2 segregating Pop2 was genotyped using a genotyping-by-sequencing approach. Linkage analysis and subsequent saturation mapping placed the DM resistance gene, designated Pl37, derived from H. annuus PI 435417 in a 1.6 cM genetic interval on sunflower chromosome 4. Pl37 co-segregated with SNP markers SPB0003 and C4_5738736. Similarly, linkage analysis and subsequent saturation mapping placed the DM resistance gene, designated Pl38, derived from H. praecox PRA-417 in a 0.8 cM genetic interval on sunflower chromosome 2. Pl38 co-segregated with seven SNP markers. Multi-pathotype tests revealed that lines with Pl37 or Pl38 are immune to the most prevalent and virulent P. halstedii races tested. Two germplasm lines, HA-DM15 with Pl37 and HA-DM16 with Pl38, were developed for use in sunflower DM-resistance breeding.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Angelia Hogness and Marjorie Olson for technical assistance. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

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This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service through project 3060-21220-043-00D.

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  1. G. J. Ma

    Present address: Ball Horticultural Company, 622 Town Road, West Chicago, IL, 60185, USA

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  1. USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, 1616 Albrecht Blvd. N, Fargo, ND, 58102-2765, USA

    L. L. Qi, Z. I. Talukder & G. J. Seiler

  2. Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA

    G. J. Ma

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LLQ conceived and designed the experiments. LLQ, acquired funding. LLQ, GJM, GJS performed the experiments. LLQ, ZIT analyzed data, and LLQ wrote the paper. All authors read, commented, and approved the final manuscript.

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Qi, L.L., Talukder, Z.I., Ma, G.J. et al. Introgression and targeting of the Pl37 and Pl38 genes for downy mildew resistance from wild Helianthus annuus and H. praecox into cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Theor Appl Genet 136, 82 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-023-04316-y

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