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Innovative Therapie der Alzheimer-Demenz

Impfung und Immuntherapie

Innovative treatment approaches for Alzheimer’s disease

Immunotherapy

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Zusammenfassung

Immuntherapeutische Ansätze zur Behandlung der Alzheimer-Krankheit wurden 1999 erstmalig im Tierversuch beschrieben. Wenig später wurde bereits eine klinische Studie mit einer aktiven Immunisierung gegen Aβ1–42 initiiert, die aber wegen schweren Nebenwirkungen (Meningoenzephalitis bei 6% der behandelten Patienten) vorzeitig abgebrochen werden musste. Trotz dieses Rückschlags hatten die vorliegenden Erfolg versprechenden präklinischen und klinischen Daten weitere Forschung auf diesem Gebiet zur Folge. Inzwischen wurden verschiedene alternative Immunisierungsansätze entwickelt, die bereits in klinischen Studien getestet werden. Dennoch sind noch viele Fragen bezüglich der Immunisierung bei neurodegenerativen Erkrankungen ungeklärt. In diesem Übersichtsartikel soll der gegenwärtige Stand der unterschiedlichen Ansätze zur Immuntherapie bei Alzheimer-Krankheit, aber auch bei anderen neurodegenerativen Erkrankungen kurz dargestellt werden.

Summary

Immunotherapeutic approaches for treating Alzheimer’s disease were first described in 1999. A clinical trial using an active immunization with Aβ1–42 was initiated shortly thereafter, but it was halted early because of serious safety issues (acute meningoencephalitis in 6% of the treated patients). Despite this drawback, encouraging data from preclinical and clinical data were available, prompting researchers to seek alternative approaches for safer active and passive immunization. Currently, several passive and active immunotherapeutic approaches are being tested in clinical trials. However, our understanding of the mechanisms behind immunization in neurodegenerative disorders is still incomplete. In this review we present the current status of the different approaches in relation to Alzheimer’s disease as well as to other neurodegenerative disorders.

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  1. Arbeitsgruppe Neurologische Therapieforschung, Neurologische Klinik, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Rudolf-Bultmann-Straße 8, 35039, Marburg, Deutschland

    R. Dodel & M. Bacher

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  1. R. Dodel
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  2. M. Bacher
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Correspondence to R. Dodel.

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Dodel, R., Bacher, M. Innovative Therapie der Alzheimer-Demenz. Nervenarzt 79 (Suppl 3), 149–158 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-008-2499-x

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