Skip to main content
Log in

Nebenwirkungen von ästhetischen Behandlungen und deren Vorbeugung

Management and prevention of adverse events in esthetic interventions

  • Leitthema
  • Published:
Der Hautarzt Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Ästhetische Eingriffe sind heute fester Bestandteil der Dermatologie. Immer mehr neue Präparate, Behandlungsmethoden und Geräte werden auf den Markt eingeführt mit teilweise noch unbekannten Nebenwirkungen und Komplikationen.

Methode

Wir fassen die häufigsten unerwünschten Wirkungen von Fillern, Laserbehandlungen und Botulinumtoxin zusammen und geben praktikable Hinweise zu Prävention und Behandlung.

Ergebnisse

Nichtpermanente Filler wie Hyaluronsäure haben tendenziell ein günstigeres Nebenwirkungsprofil als permanente Materialien. Die häufigsten allgemeinen Nebenwirkungen sind hier Farbveränderungen und Formveränderung sowie Schwellungen. Seltener treten vaskuläre oder neurale funktionelle Störungen auf. Das Nebenwirkungsprofil von Laserbehandlungen hängt maßgeblich von der eingesetzten Modalität und der Indikation ab. Häufig treten lokale Effekte wie Rötungen, Schwellung, Bläschen- oder Krustenbildung auf. Eine gefürchtete Komplikation ist die Bildung von Narben. Die Wirkung und damit auch die meisten Nebenwirkungen von Botulinumtoxin sind nur temporär. Häufig kommt es an den Einstichstellen zu Schmerz, Schwellungen oder Rötungen. Bei unsachgemäßer Injektion können Bewegungseinschränkungen der mimischen Muskulatur bis hin zu kompletter Ptosis oder Dysarthrie resultieren.

Schlussfolgerungen

Mit ästhetischen Eingriffen können bei richtiger Indikation und korrekter Durchführung hervorragende Ergebnisse erzielt werden. Potenziellen Komplikationen muss durch sorgfältiges Arbeiten vorgebeugt und Nebenwirkungen müssen frühzeitig erkannt und angemessen behandelt werden.

Abstract

Background

Esthetic interventions are an integral part of today’s dermatology. A plethora of novel agents and techniques is currently being launched on the market accompanied by a variety of side effects.

Method

We summarize the most common adverse events of fillers, laser treatments, and injection of botulinum toxin and present feasible means of prevention and management.

Results

The profile of adverse events is more favorable in temporary fillers such as hyaluronic acid than in permanent ones. The most common filler-related adverse events include changes of skin color and unspecific swelling. Neural and vascular dysfunctions are observed less frequently, but may result in severe tissue necrosis or loss of vision. Undesirable events of laser treatments largely depend on the applied modality, localization, and indication. Local effects comprise erythema, swelling, crusting, blister formation, and weeping in extreme cases. The formation of laser-induced scarring is more likely to occur in lasers with high energies. Most adverse events of botulinum toxin are mild and transient. Pain and redness around the sites of injection are common. However, a poor injection technique and injection of too many units can trigger major motoric impairment with ptosis and dysarthria.

Conclusion

Excellent results can be achieved with esthetic interventions. To guarantee a maximum amount of safety and to minimize risks it is of paramount importance to work with clear indications and respect contraindications. It is important to recognize early adverse events to achieve satisfactory results and avoid severe complications.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Abb. 1
Abb. 2
Abb. 3

Literatur

  1. Ahbib S, Lachapelle JM, Marot L (2006) [Sarcoidal granulomas following injections of botulic toxin A (Botox) for corrections of wrinkles]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 133:43–45

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Alam M, Dover JS, Arndt KA (2002) Pain associated with injection of botulinum A exotoxin reconstituted using isotonic sodium chloride with and without preservative: a double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Arch Dermatol 138:510–514

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Anderson RR, Geronemus R, Kilmer SL et al (1993) Cosmetic tattoo ink darkening. A complication of Q-switched and pulsed-laser treatment. Arch Dermatol 129:1010–1014

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Ashinoff R, Levine VJ, Soter NA (1995) Allergic reactions to tattoo pigment after laser treatment. Dermatol Surg 21:291–294

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Blasi J, Chapman ER, Link E et al (1993) Botulinum neurotoxin A selectively cleaves the synaptic protein SNAP-25. Nature 365:160–163

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Bulstrode NW, Grobbelaar AO (2002) Long-term prospective follow-up of botulinum toxin treatment for facial rhytides. Aesthetic Plast Surg 26:356–359

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Carle MV, Roe R, Novack R et al (2014) Cosmetic facial fillers and severe vision loss. JAMA Ophthalmol 132:637–639

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Carruthers J, Carruthers A (2007) The evolution of botulinum neurotoxin type A for cosmetic applications. J Cosmet Laser Ther 9:186–192

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Dayan SH, Maas CS (2007) Botulinum toxins for facial wrinkles: beyond glabellar lines. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 15:41–49, vi

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Feller-Heppt G, Haneke E, Heppt MV (2014) Diagnosis and management of filler adverse effects: an algorithm. Facial Plast Surg 30:647–655

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Funt DK (2011) Avoiding malar edema during midface/cheek augmentation with dermal fillers. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol 4:32–36

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Funt D, Pavicic T (2013) Dermal fillers in aesthetics: an overview of adverse events and treatment approaches. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 6:295–316

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Geist DE, Phillips TJ (2006) Development of chrysiasis after Q-switched ruby laser treatment of solar lentigines. J Am Acad Dermatol 55:S59–S60

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Handley JM (2006) Adverse events associated with nonablative cutaneous visible and infrared laser treatment. J Am Acad Dermatol 55:482–489

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Haneke E (2014) Adverse effects of fillers and their histopathology. Facial Plast Surg 30:599–614

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Heppt M, Hartmann D, Reinholz M et al (2015) [Fillers and associated side effects]. HNO 63:472–480

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Kang SM, Feneran A, Kim JK et al (2011) Exaggeration of wrinkles after botulinum toxin injection for forehead horizontal lines. Ann Dermatol 23:217–221

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Klein AW (2003) Complications, adverse reactions, and insights with the use of botulinum toxin. Dermatol Surg 29:549–556 (discussion 556)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Kulichova D, Borovaya A, Ruzicka T et al (2014) Understanding the safety and tolerability of facial filling therapeutics. Expert Opin Drug Saf 13:1215–1226

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Lapidoth M, Shafirstein G, Ben Amitai D et al (2004) Reticulate erythema following diode laser-assisted hair removal: a new side effect of a common procedure. J Am Acad Dermatol 51:774–777

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Lee WW, Murdock J, Albini TA et al (2011) Ocular damage secondary to intense pulse light therapy to the face. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 27:263–265

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Lewitt PA, Trosch RM (1997) Idiosyncratic adverse reactions to intramuscular botulinum toxin type A injection. Mov Disord 12:1064–1067

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Li M, Goldberger BA, Hopkins C (2005) Fatal case of BOTOX-related anaphylaxis? J Forensic Sci 50:169–172

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Mejia NI, Vuong KD, Jankovic J (2005) Long-term botulinum toxin efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity. Mov Disord 20:592–597

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Nanni CA, Alster TS (1998) Complications of carbon dioxide laser resurfacing. An evaluation of 500 patients. Dermatol Surg 24:315–320

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Raulin C, Kimmig W, Werner S (2000) [Laser therapy in dermatology and esthetic medicine. Side effects, complications and treatment errors]. Hautarzt 51:463–473

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Rootman DB, Lin JL, Goldberg R (2014) Does the Tyndall effect describe the blue hue periodically observed in subdermal hyaluronic acid gel placement? Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 30:524–527

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Smith KC (2008) Reversible vs. nonreversible fillers in facial aesthetics: concerns and considerations. Dermatol Online J 14:3

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Willey A, Anderson RR, Azpiazu JL et al (2006) Complications of laser dermatologic surgery. Lasers Surg Med 38:1–15

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Wollina U, Konrad H (2005) Managing adverse events associated with botulinum toxin type A: a focus on cosmetic procedures. Am J Clin Dermatol 6:141–150

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to D. Hartmann Ph.D..

Ethics declarations

Interessenkonflikt

G.G. Gauglitz ist als Berater und Sprecher der Merz Pharmaceuticals, Sinclair Pharma, Lumenis, Candela, Asclepion tätig. D. Hartmann und M. Heppt geben an, dass keine relevanten Interessenkonflikte bestehen.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

Additional information

D. Hartmann und M. Heppt trugen zu gleichen Teilen zur Erstellung der vorliegenden Arbeit bei.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Hartmann, D., Heppt, M. & Gauglitz, G. Nebenwirkungen von ästhetischen Behandlungen und deren Vorbeugung. Hautarzt 66, 764–771 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-015-3689-7

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-015-3689-7

Schlüsselwörter

Keywords

Navigation