Skip to main content
Log in

Aktuelle Therapiestrategien beim papillären Mikrokarzinom der Schilddrüse

Current treatment strategies for papillary thyroid microcarcinoma

  • Leitthema
  • Published:
Der Chirurg Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Zusammenfassung

Die chirurgische Therapie des papillären Mikrokarzinoms der Schilddrüse (PTMC) wird zunehmend kontrovers diskutiert. Da in Japan bereits >50 % der PTMC nur beobachtet werden, fordern auch in der westlichen Welt immer mehr Ärzte eine „active surveillance“ anstelle einer (Hemi‑)Thyreoidektomie. Geeignet für eine Verlaufsbeobachtung scheinen vor allem unifokale Karzinome älterer Patienten, die kein extrathyreoidales Wachstum oder eine lymphogene Metastasierung zeigen. Erste Berechnungen einer lebenslangen Beobachtung zeigen, dass bei jungen Patienten ≤30 Jahren eine Wahrscheinlichkeit für eine Tumorprogression von über 60 % besteht. Sowohl die Entscheidung zur Operation als auch zur Beobachtung eines PTMC bedürfen einer Abwägung aller Argumente für und wider, die ausführlich mit dem Patienten besprochen und geplant werden müssen.

Abstract

Surgical treatment of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) is evolving more and more into a controversial issue. As in Japan more than 50% of PTMCs are only observed, an increasing number of physicians in the western world are calling for active surveillance instead of lobectomy or total thyroidectomy. Unifocal carcinomas of older patients without extrathyroidal growth or lymph node involvement seem to be candidates for active surveillance. First estimations for a lifelong observation show that patients <30 years old will have a probability of tumor progression of more than 60%. A decision for surgery versus active surveillance has to weigh up all the arguments for and against, which have to be discussed and planned in detail together with the patient.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Literatur

  1. Back K, Kim JS, Kim J‑H et al (2019) Superior located papillary thyroid microcarcinoma is a risk factor for lateral lymph node metastasis. Ann Surg Oncol 26:3992–4001

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Bongiovanni M, Spitale A, Faquin WC et al (2012) The Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology: a meta-analysis. Acta Cytol 56:333–339

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Buffet C, Golmard JL, Hoang C et al (2012) Scoring system for predicting recurrences in patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. Eur J Endocrinol 167:267–275

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Cramer JD, Fu P, Harth KC, Margevicius S, Wilhelm SM (2010) Analysis of the rising incidence of thyroid cancer using the surveillance, epidemiology and end results national cancer data registry. Surgery 148(6):1147–1152 (discussion: 1152–1153)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Fukuoka O, Sugitani I, Ebina A et al (2016) Natural history of asymptomatic papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: time-dependent changes in calcification and vascularity during active surveillance. World J Surg 40(3):529–537

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Gschwandtner E, Klatte T, Swietek N et al (2016) Increase of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma and a plea for restrictive treatment: a retrospective study of 1,391 prospective documented patients. Surgery 159(2):503–511

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Harach HR, Franssila KO, Wasenius VM (1985) Occult papillary carcinoma of the thyroid: A “normal” finding in Finland. A systematic autopsy study. Cancer 56(3):531–538

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Haugen BR, Alexander EK, Bible KC et al (2016) 2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for adult patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid 26(1):1–144

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  9. Hay ID, Hutchinson ME, Gonzalez-Losada T et al (2008) Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a study of 900 cases observed in a 60-year period. Surgery 144(6):980–987

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Ito Y, Miyauchi A, Kihara M et al (2014) Patient age is significantly related to the progression of papillary microcarcinoma of the thyroid. Thyroid 24(1):27–34

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  11. Kim SK, Park I, Woo J‑W et al (2017) Total thyroidectomy versus lobectomy in conventional papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: analysis of 8,676 patients at a single institution. Surgery 161:485–492

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Kim HI, Jang HW, Ahn HS et al (2018) High serum TSH level is associated with progression of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma during active surveillance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 103(2):446–451

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Kwon H, Oh H‑S, Kim M et al (2017) Active surveillance for patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a single-center’s experience in Korea. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 102(6):1917–1925

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Lang W, Borrusch H, Bauer L (1988) Occult carcinomas of the thyroid. Evaluation of 1,020 sequential autopsies. Am J Clin Pathol 7:72–76

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Leenhardt L, Grosclaude P, Chérié-Challine L et al (2004) Increased incidence of thyroid carcinoma in France: a true epidemic or thyroid nodule management effects? Report from the French thyroid cancer committee. Thyroid 14(12):1056–1060

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Miyauchi A (2016) Clinical trials of active surveillance of papillary microcarcinoma of the thyroid. World J Surg 40:516–522

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  17. Miyauchi A, Kudo T, Ito Y et al (2018) Estimation of the lifetime probability of disease progression of papillary microcarcinoma of the thyroid during active surveillance. Surgery 163(1):48–52

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Molinaro E, Campopiano MC, Pieruzzi L et al (2020) Active surveillance in papillary thyroid microcarcinomas is feasible and safe: Experience at a single Italian center. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 105(3):dgz113. https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgz113

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Neuhold N, Kaiser H, Kaserer K (2001) Latent carcinoma of the thyroid in Austria: a systematic autopsy study. Endocr Pract 12:23–31

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Noguchi S, Yamashita H, Uchino S et al (2008) Papillary microcarcinoma. World J Surg 32:747–753

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  21. Oh H‑S, Ha J, Kim HI et al (2018) Active surveillance of low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a multi-center cohort study in korea. Thyroid 28(12):1587–1594

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Rosario PW, Mourao GF, Calsolari MR (2019) Active surveillance in adults with low—risk papillary thyroid microcarcinomas: a prospective study. Horm Metab Res 51(11):703–708

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Sakai T, Sugitani I, Ebina A et al (2019) Active surveillance for pT1N0M0 papillary thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid 29(1):59–63

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Saravana-Bawan B, Bajwa A, Paterson J et al (2020) Active surveillance of low-risk papillary thyroid cancer. A meta-analysis. Surgery 167:46–55

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Smulever A, Pitoia F (2019) Active surveillance in papillary thyroid carcinoma: not easily accepted but possible in Latin America. Arch Endocrinol Metab 63(5):462–469

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Sugitani I, Fujimoto Y, Yamada K (2014) Association between serum thyrotropin concentration and growth of asymptomatic papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. World J Surg 38(3):673–678

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Sugitani I, Ito Y, Miyauchi A et al (2019) Active surveillance versus immediate surgery: questionnaire survey on the current treatment strategy for adult patients with low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma in Japan. Thyroid 29(11):1563–1571

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  28. Tessler FN, Middleton WD, Grant EG et al (2017) ACR thyroid imaging, reporting and data system (TI-RADS): white paper of the ACR TI-RADS committee. J Am Coll Radiol 14(5):587–595

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Tuttle RM, Fagin JA, Minkowitz G et al (2017) Natural history and tumor volume kinetics of papillary thyroid cancers during active surveillance. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 143(10):1015–1020

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  30. Wang TS, Goffredo P, Sosa JA et al (2014) Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: an over-treated malignancy? World J Surg 38:2297–2303

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Zhang L, Wei W‑J, Ji Q‑H et al (2012) Risk factors for neck nodal metastases in papillary thyroid microcarcinomas: a study of 1066 patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 97(4):1250–1257

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Theresia Weber.

Ethics declarations

Interessenkonflikt

T. Weber gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Für diesen Beitrag wurden vom Autor keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.

Additional information

Redaktion

H. Dralle, Essen

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Weber, T. Aktuelle Therapiestrategien beim papillären Mikrokarzinom der Schilddrüse. Chirurg 91, 994–998 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00104-020-01263-y

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00104-020-01263-y

Schlüsselwörter

Keywords

Navigation