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Proximale extraartikuläre Tibiafraktur

Extra-articular proximal tibial fracture

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Zusammenfassung

Bei der Versorgung proximaler extraartikulärer Tibiafrakturen können neben dem oftmals ausgeprägten Weichteilschaden insbesondere die speziellen biomechanischen Bedingungen der proximalen Tibiaregion eine Herausforderung darstellen. Für die operative Versorgung stehen verschiedene Osteosyntheseverfahren zur Verfügung. Der Fixateur externe empfiehlt sich insbesondere als Notfall- und Kurzzeitimplantat zur temporären Stabilisierung von Frakturen mit höhergradigem Weichteilschaden. Die Marknagelosteosynthese stellt bei korrekter Durchführung ein minimal invasives, aber technisch anspruchsvolles Verfahren zur Versorgung der proximalen Tibiafraktur dar. Winkelstabile Implantate zur Plattenosteosynthese wie z. B. das „less invasive stabilization system“ (LISS) erfüllen die Forderungen einer schnellen Montage, eines weichteilschonenden Operationsverfahrens und einer hohen biomechanischen Stabilität. Die Inzidenz von Achsfehlstellungen und Instabilitäten mit verzögerter Heilung kann durch die Verwendung dieser neuartigen Implantate verringert werden.

Abstract

The treatment of proximal extra-articular tibial fractures can be challenging due to extensive soft tissue damage and the special biomechanical conditions in the proximal tibial region. Different osteosynthetic procedures are available for operative stabilization. Treatment with an external fixator is recommended in particular as an emergency and short-term implant for temporary stabilization of fractures with extensive soft tissue damage. Intramedullary nailing represents a minimally invasive but technically demanding procedure to stabilize proximal tibial fractures. Angularly stable implant systems such as the so-called less invasive stabilization system fulfill the demands of fast implantation, soft tissue protection, and high biomechanical stability. The rate of malalignments and instabilities with delayed healing can be reduced using these new implants.

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Correspondence to G. Konrad.

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Konrad, G., Südkamp, N. Proximale extraartikuläre Tibiafraktur. Chirurg 78, 163–173 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00104-006-1292-2

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