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Control of energy homeostasis by amylin

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Abstract

Amylin is an important control of nutrient fluxes because it reduces energy intake, modulates nutrient utilization by inhibiting postprandial glucagon secretion, and increases energy disposal by preventing compensatory decreases of energy expenditure in weight-reduced individuals. The best investigated function of amylin which is cosecreted with insulin is to reduce eating by promoting meal-ending satiation. This effect is thought to be mediated by a stimulation of specific amylin receptors in the area postrema. Secondary brain sites to mediate amylin action include the nucleus of the solitary tract and the lateral parabrachial nucleus, which convey the neural signal to the lateral hypothalamic area and other hypothalamic nuclei. Amylin may also signal adiposity because plasma levels of amylin are increased in adiposity and because higher amylin concentrations in the brain result in reduced body weight gain and adiposity, while amylin receptor antagonists increase body adiposity. The central mechanisms involved in amylin’s effect on energy expenditure are much less known. A series of recent experiments in animals and humans indicate that amylin is a promising option for anti-obesity therapy especially in combination with other hormones. The most extensive dataset is available for the combination therapy of amylin and leptin. Ongoing research focuses on the mechanisms of these interactions.

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Acknowledgments

The continued financial support of the Swiss National Science Foundation, the support of the Zurich Center of Integrative Human Physiology, the Novartis Foundation, the Ciba-Geigy Foundation, the Olga Mayenfisch Foundation, and the Vontobel Foundation are gratefully acknowledged. We thank Amylin Pharmaceuticals Inc. for some supply of amylin.

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  1. Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland

    Thomas A. Lutz

  2. Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

    Thomas A. Lutz

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Lutz, T.A. Control of energy homeostasis by amylin. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 69, 1947–1965 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-011-0905-1

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