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Prolonged inflammatory microenvironment is crucial for pro-neoplastic growth and genome instability: a detailed review

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Abstract

Introduction

Chronic inflammation can affect the normal cell homeostasis and metabolism by rendering the cells susceptible to genomic instability that may lead to uncontrolled cellular growth and proliferation ensuing tumorigenesis. The causal agents for inflammation may be pathogenic infections like microbial agents ranging from viruses to bacteria. These infections lead to DNA damage or disruption of normal cell metabolism and alter the genome integrity.

Findings

In this review, we have highlighted the role of recurrent infections in tumor microenvironment can lead to recruitment of pro-inflammatory cells, cytokines and growth factors to the site of inflammation. This makes the environment rich in cytokines, chemokines, DNA-damaging agents (ROS, RNS) and growth factors which activate DNA damage response pathway and help in sustained proliferation of the tumor cells. In any inflammatory response, the production of cytokines and related signaling molecules is self-regulating and limiting. But in case of neoplastic risk, deregulation of these factors may lead to abnormalities and related pathogenesis.

Conclusion

The scope of the present review is to explore the probable mechanistic link and factors responsible for chronic inflammation. The relation between chronic inflammation and DNA damage response was further elucidated to understand the mechanism by which it makes the cells susceptible to carcinogenesis.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the rant from Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Govt. of India, and Grant Number: MED/2013/93 (BT/519/NE/TBP/2013).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Molecular Stress and Stem Cell Biology Group, School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha, 751024, India

    Kumari Anuja, Souvick Roy, Chinmoy Ghosh & Birendranath Banerjee

  2. Department of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Agartala, Tripura, 799022, India

    Priya Gupta & Surajit Bhattacharjee

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  1. Kumari Anuja
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Correspondence to Surajit Bhattacharjee or Birendranath Banerjee.

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Anuja, K., Roy, S., Ghosh, C. et al. Prolonged inflammatory microenvironment is crucial for pro-neoplastic growth and genome instability: a detailed review. Inflamm. Res. 66, 119–128 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-016-0985-3

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  1. Birendranath Banerjee View author profile