Abstract
Histamine release is part of the general inflammatory response and occurs during surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in adults. Few data are available for children. Histamine release was studied in 23 children undergoing CPB with standard anaesthetic and CPB techniques. Blood sampling was performed in relation to specific anaesthetic and surgical events, e.g., start of CPB, removal of aortic clamps, reventilation of the lungs. Plasma histamine was determined by a single isotope radioenzymatic technique. There was no consistent histamine release in the study population although there was an increase in plasma histamine concentration in some subjects after initiation of CPB (P <0.05) and on removal of the aortic cross-clamp (P <0.05). No correlation was demonstrated between histamine concentration and systolic arterial pressure, temperature, duration of CPB or cross-clamp time. Histamine concentration was positively correlated with heart rate.
Résumé
La libération d’histamine participe à la réaction inflammatoire systémique el survient pendant la chirurgie et la circulation extra-corporelle chez l’adulte (CEC). On ne dispose que peu de données pédiatriques. La libération histaminique est étudiée chez 23 enfants qui subissent une CEC avec une technique anesthésique standard. Des échantillons de sang sont prélevés au moment d’événements anesthésiques et chirurgicaux prédéterminés, e.g., début de la CEC, déclampage aortique,réinsufflation des poumons. L’histamine plasmatique est déterminée par la seule technique isotopique radioenzymatique. La libération d’histamine ne survient pas de façon régulière dans la population étudiée bien que chez quelques sujets on trouve une augmentation de sa concentration plasmatique après la mise en marche de la CEC (P <0,05) et au déclampage de l’aorte (P <0,05). Il n’y a aucune corrélation entre la concentration d’histamine d’une part, et la pression artérielle systolique, la température, la durée de la CEC ou la durée du clampage d’autre part. Il existe toutefois une corrélation positive avec la fréquence cardiaque.
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Withington, D.E., Man, W.K. & Elliott, M.J. Histamine release during paediatric cardiopulmonary bypass. Can J Anaesth 40, 334–339 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03009632
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03009632