Abstract
The collection wild-type strain ofCandida albicans was used to obtain auxotrophic and colony-morphology mutants by ‘nitrosoguanidine’ treatment. Intraspecific protoplast fusion induced by Ca2+-poly(ethyleneglycol) was carried out in various pairings between the auxotrophic strain producing smooth colonies and containing blastospores and the colony-morphology mutants containing a mixture of blastospores and pseudohyphae or only hyphae. Hybrids exhibiting full or partial complementation were obtained when mutants producing smooth colonies and colony-morphology variants of different origins were fused. The mutation responsible for the colony-morphology character (if various types of colony morphomutants were crossed) proved to be recessive or semidominant. Representative hybrids exhibited elevated DNA contents as measured by flow cytometry. To illustrate various cell types, and especially the intermediate one (never observed in natural isolates), a preparation method was further developed for scanning electron microscopic studies.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Barnes W.G., Flesher A., Berger A.E., Arnold J.D.: Scanning electron microscopic studies ofCandida albicans.J.Bacteriol. 106, 276–280 (1971).
Braun B.R., Johnson A.D.: Control of filament formation inCandida albicans by the transcriptional repressor TUP1.Science 277, 105–109 (1997).
Calderone R.A., Fonzi W.A.: Virulence factors ofCandida albicans.Trends Microbiol. 9, 327–335 (2001).
Dorko E., Jenča A., Pilipčinec E., Danko J., Švický E., Tkáčiková L’.:Candida-associated denture stomatitis.Folia Microbiol. 46, 443–446 (2001a).
Dorko E., Virágová S., Jautová J., Pilipčinec E., Danko J., Švický E., Tkáčiková L’.: Electrophoretic karyotyping ofCandida albicans strains isolated from premature infants and hospital personnel in a neonatal intensive care unit.Folia Microbiol. 46, 453–458 (2001b).
Dorko E., Pilipčinec E., Tkačiková L’.:Candida species isolated from cerebrospinal fluid.Folia Microbiol. 47, 179–181 (2002a).
Dorko E., Jautová J., Tkáčiková L’., Wantrubová A.: The frequency ofCandida species in onychomycosis.Folia Microbiol. 47, 727–731 (2002b).
Ferenczy L., Maráz A.: Transfer of mitochondria by protoplast fusion inSaccharomyces cerevisiae.Nature 268, 524–525 (1977).
Fournier P., Provost A., Bourguignon C., Heslot H.: Recombination after protoplast fusion in the yeastCandida tropicalis.Arch. Microbiol. 115, 143–149 (1977).
Fujita T., Tokunaga J., Inoue H.:Atlas of Scanning Electron Microscopy in Medicine. Igaku Shoin Ltd., Tokyo 1971.
Gil C., Pomes R., Nombela C.: A complementation analysis by parasexual recombination ofCandida albicans morphological mutants.J.Gen.Microbiol. 134, 1587–1595 (1988).
Haidaris C.G., Malone J., Sherril L.A., Bliss J.M., Gaspary A.A., Insel R.A., Sullivan M.A.: Recombinant human antibody single chain variable fragments reactive withCandida albicans surface antigens.J.Immunol.Meth. 257, 185–202 (2001).
Hilton C., Markie D., Corner B., Rikkerink E., Poulter R.: Heat shock induces chromosome loss in the yeastCandida albicans.Mol.Gen.Genet. 200, 162–168 (1985).
Hubbard M.J., Markie D., Poulter R.T.M.: Isolation and morphological characterization of a mycelial mutant ofCandida albicans.J.Bacteriol. 165, 61–65 (1986).
Joshi K.R., Wheeler E.E., Garin J.B.: Scanning electron microscopy of colonies of six species ofCandida.J.Bacteriol. 115, 341–348 (1973).
Köhler J.R., Fink G.R.:Candida albicans strains heterozygous and homozygous for mutations in mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling components have defects in hyphal development.Proc.Nat.Acad.Sci.USA 93, 13223–13228 (1996).
Nombela C., Pomes R., Gil C.: Protoplast fusion hybrids fromCandida albicans morphological mutants.Crit.Rev.Microbiol. 15, 79–85 (1987).
Novák A., Vágvölgyi C., Fekete-Forgács K., Pesti M.: Isoenzyme and RAPD-PCR analysis and adhesion to acrylic of the hybrids ofCandida albicans morphological mutants.Folia Microbiol. 46, 248 (2001).
Odds F.C.: Candidaand Candidosis, 2nd ed. Baillere Tindall, London 1988.
Odds F.C.:Candida species and virulence.ASM News 60, 313–318 (1994).
Payton M.A., Detiani M.: The isolation of osmotic remedial conditional lethal mutants ofCandida albicans.Curr.Genet. 17, 293–296 (1990).
Pesti M., Ferenczy L.: Protoplast fusion hybrids ofCandida albicans sterol mutants differing in nystatin resistance.J.Gen.Microbiol. 128, 123–128 (1982).
Pesti M., Sipiczki M., Pintér Y.: Scanning electron microscopy characterization of colonies ofCandida albicans morphological mutants.J.Med.Microbiol. 48, 167–172 (1999).
Pesti M., Hidasi J., Novák A.: Complementation analysis of colony morphological mutants ofCandida albicans.Folia Microbiol. 45, 84 (2000).
Pesti M., Vágvölgyi Cs., Papp T., Nagy A., Novák A.: Variation of isoenzyme and RAPD patterns inCandida albicans morphological mutants with altered colony ultrastructure.Acta.Biol.Hung. 52, 289–298 (2001).
Pla J., Gil C., Monteoliva L., Navarro-Garcia F., Sanchez M., Nombela C.: UnderstandingCandida albicans at the molecular level.Yeast 12, 1677–1702 (1996).
Pomes R., Concepcion G., Cabetas M.D., Nombela C.: Variability of colonial morphology in benomyl-induced morphological mutants fromCandida albicans.FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 48, 255–259 (1987).
Poulain D., Hopwood V., Vernes A.: Antigenic variability ofCandida albicans.Crit.Rev.Microbiol. 12, 223–270 (1985).
Poulter R., Jeffery K., Hubbard M.J., Shepherd M.G., Sullivan P.A.: Parasexual genetic analysis ofCandida albicans by spheroplast fusion.J.Bacteriol. 146, 833–840 (1981).
Radford D.R., Challacombe S.J., Walter J.D.: A scanning electron microscopy investigation of the structure of colonies of different morphologies produced by phenotypic switching ofCandida albicans.J.Med.Microbiol. 40, 416–423 (1994).
Rutschenko-Bulgac E.P.: Variations ofCandida albicans electrophoretic karyotypes.J.Bacteriol. 20, 6586–6596 (1991).
Rutschenko-Bulgac E.P., Curran T.M., Sherman F.: Variations in the number of ribosomal DNA units in morphological mutants and normal strains ofCandida albicans and in normal strains ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae.J.Bacteriol. 715, 7189–7199 (1993).
San-Blas G., Travassos L.R., Fries B.C., Goldman D.L., Casadevall A., Carmona A.K., Barros T.F., Puccia R., Hostetter M.K., Shanks S.G., Copping V.M.S., Knox Y., Gow N.A.R.: Fungal morphogenesis and virulence.Med.Mycol. 38, 79–86 (2000).
Sarachek A., Rhoads D.D., Schwarzhoff R.H.: Hybridization ofCandida albicans through fusion of protoplasts.Arch.Microbiol. 129, 1–8 (1981).
Sherer S., Magee P.T.: Genetics ofCandida albicans.Microbiol.Rev. 54, 226–241 (1990).
Slutsky B., Staebell M., Anderson J., Risen L., Pfaller M., Soll D.R.: “White-opaque transition”: a second high-frequency switching system inCandida albicans.J.Bacteriol. 169, 189–197 (1987).
Soll D.R.: High frequency switching inCandida albicans.Clin.Microbiol.Rev. 5, 183–203 (1992).
Stoldt V.R., Sonneborn A., Lenker C.E., Ernst J.F.: Efg1p, an essential regulator of morphogenesis of the human pathogenCandida albicans, is a member of a conserved class of bHLH proteins regulating morphogenetic processes in fungi.EMBO J. 16, 1982–1991 (1997).
Stöver A.G., Witek-Janusek L., Mathews H.L.: A method for flow cytometric analysis ofCandida albicans DNA.J.Microbiol.Meth. 33, 191–196 (1998).
Szaniszlo P.J., Jacobs C.W., Geis P.A.: Dimorphism: morphological and biochemical aspects, pp. 323–436 in D.H. Howard (Eds):Fungi Pathogenic for Humans and Animals, Part A. Marcel Dekker, New York 1983.
Takasuka T., Baily G.G., Birch M., Anderson M.J., Lew D., Denning D.W.: Variation in morphotype, karyotype and DNA type of fluconazole-resistantCandida albicans from an AIDS patient.J.Infect. 36, 57–62 (1998).
Tomšíková A.: Causative agents of nosocomial mycoses.Folia Microbiol. 47, 105–112 (2002).
Vallin C., Ferenczy L.: Diploid formation ofCandida tropicalis via protoplast fusion.Acta Microbiol.Acad.Sci.Hung. 25, 209–212 (1978).
Whittaker D.K., Drucker D.B.: Scanning electron microscopy of intact colonies of microorganisms.J.Bacteriol. 104, 902–909 (1970).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Novák, A., Vágvölgyi, C. & Pesti, M. Characterization ofCandida albicans colony-morphology mutants and their hybrids. Folia Microbiol 48, 203–209 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02930957
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02930957