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Influence of ionic shifts during dialysis on volume estimations with multifrequency impedance analysis

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An Erratum to this article was published on 01 July 1997

Abstract

During dialysis the ion concentrations in many body fluids change significantly. The influence of these changes on the accuracy of volume measurements with bioimpedance spectroscopy is investigated by the following procedure: Plasma ion concentrations and impedance spectra (5–500 kHz) are measured during six standard haemodialyses. Intracellular ion concentrations are estimated using a multi-compartment model. Intra-(ICV) and extracellular (ECV) volumes are calculated using a fluid distribution model (FDM) based on Hanai's mixture theory. The input variables of the FDM are intra-and extracellular resistance data that have been fitted from impedance spectra with a Cole-Cole model. Resistivity changes (RCs) due to concentration changes of Na+, K+ Cl−, HCO3 − and unspecified intracellular ions are estimated. The FDM is corrected for the Rcs. Corrected ICVs and ECVs are calculated and compared with uncorrected values. The range of relative RCs between the start and end of the dialyses is −3.2% to 1.4% in the ECV and −3.7% to 1.7% in the ICV. From the RCs, volume estimation errors of −1.0% to 1.9% (ECV) and −1.2% to 2.1% (ICV) relative to the initial values have been calculated. At the end of dialysis, the percentage of the error with respect to the volume change is <15% for the ECV but >20% for the ICV. Consequently, a correction of the FDM for RCs is necessary to obtain more reliable ICV data.

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Abbreviations

A :

cellular exchange surface, m2

α:

empirical Cole exponent

C m :

membrane capacity, F

C xV :

concentration of solutex in distribution volumeV, M

D B :

mean body density, 0.00105 kg cm−3

ΔV abs, V :

absolute change of volumeV during dialysis, I

ΔV rel,V :

relative change of volumeV during dialysis, %

E V :

relative estimation error for volumeV,%

F :

Faraday constant, 96490 As mol−1

f V :

correction factor for the resistivity in volumeV

H :

subject height, cm

ϕ∞Φ x :

flow of solutex, mol min−1

K :

mass constant of the bicarbonate buffer at 37°C: 106.1, 1 mol−1

K Na ,K K :

dissociation constants of the Na+/K+ pump, M

L cell :

hydraulic permeability of the cell membrane, average value for whole body, 1 m2 (N min)−1

λ ex , λ in :

conductivity of extra-and intracellular fluid, (ω cm)−1

Λ x :

limiting equivalent conductivity, for ionic speciesx (Ω cm M)−1

m x :

mass of solutex, mol

P x :

cell membrane permeability for ionx, l (m2 min)−1

R :

gas constant, N m(mol K)−1

R ex ,R in :

resistance of extra-and intracellular volume, Ω

σ x :

osmotic reflection coefficient for ionx

T :

absolute temperature, K

t :

time, min

T D :

time of signal propagation along the investigated conductor, s

U :

normalised membrane potential

V ex ,V in :

extra-and intracellular volume, 1

ε:

radian frequency, s−1

W b :

body mass, kg

z x :

valence of ionx

Z :

electrical impedance, Ω

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Inffeldgasse 18, A-8010, Graz, Austria

    H. Scharfetter & H. Hutten

  2. Department of Internal Medicine, Karl-Franzens-University, Auenbruggerplatz 15, A-8036, Graz, Austria

    G. H. Wirnsberger & H. Holzer

Authors
  1. H. Scharfetter
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  2. G. H. Wirnsberger
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  3. H. Holzer
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  4. H. Hutten
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An erratum to this article is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02534107.

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Scharfetter, H., Wirnsberger, G.H., Holzer, H. et al. Influence of ionic shifts during dialysis on volume estimations with multifrequency impedance analysis. Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 35, 96–102 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02534137

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