Summary
This paper reports on the use of a polymer-based, strong anion-exchange stationary phase for rapid, selective and sensitive analysis of physiological important mono-, di- and oligosaccharides by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC) with pulsed amperometric detection (PAD) under alkaline conditions. The adsorbent was obtained by direct nitration of 3 and 5 μm, spherical non-porous highly cross-linked, styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer (PS-DVB) beads, followed by reduction of superficially introduced nitro groups with nascent hydrogen and quaternization of the resultant amino groups with iodomethane. Extended exposure to high pressure and strong alkaline conditions did not have any untoward effect on mechanical stability and chromatographic performance. A comparison of the 3 and 5 μm beads showed, that the synthesized 3 μm highly cross-linked PS-DVB particles are the preferred phases for the separation of monosaccharides and the 5 μm particles are preferable for the separation of oligosaccharides. To demonstrate the suitability for the analysis of complex samples, the optimized and validated system was used for the determination of glucose, fructose and sucrose in apple juice and other soft drinks such as Coca Cola. Finally, analysis within a few minutes without sample pretreatment down to a lower limit of detection of 0.174–0.504 μg mL−1 at a linearity with R2>0.994 and a repooducibility higher than 98% further confirmed the efficiency of these polymeric sorbents.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Scherz, H.; Bonn, G.K.Analytical Chemistry of Carbohydrates, Thieme Stuttgart, New York,1998.
Wei-Tong, W.; Matsuura, F.; Sweeley, C.C.Anal. Biochem. 1983,134, 398.
Tesarik, K.J. Chromatogr. 1972,65, 295.
Nguyen, D.T.; Lerch, H.; Zemann, A.; Bonn, G.Chromatographia 1997,46, 113.
Zemann, A.; Nguyen, D.T.; Bonn, G.Electrophoresis 1997,18, 1142.
El Rassi, Z.Electrophoresis 1999,20, 3134.
Huck, C.W.; Bonn, G.K.J. Carbohydr. Chem. 2001,20 (1), 1.
Jandera, P.; Churacek, J.J. Chromatogr. 1973,86, 351.
Lee, Y.C.Anal. Biochem. 1990,189, 151.
Churms, S.J. Chromatogr. B 1992,51, 230.
Huck, C.W.; Huber, C.G.; Bonn, G.K. Elsevier Science B.V., El Rassi (Ed.),Carbohydrate Analysis by Modern Chromatography and Electrophoresis, in press,2002.
Bonn, G.J. Chromatogr. 1985,322, 411.
Lee, D.P.; Bunker, M.T.J. Chromatogr. Sci. 1989,27, 496.
Bonn, G.; Binder, H.; Leonhard, H.; Bobleter, O.Monatssh. Chemie 1985,116, 961.
Hughes, D.E.J. Chromatogr. 1985,331, 183.
Rooyakkers van Eijk, D.R; Deutz, N.E.J. Chromatogr. A 1996,730, 99.
Hull, S.R.; Turco, S.J.Anal. Biochem. 1985,146, 143.
Frei, R.W.; Jansen, H.; Brinkman, U.A.T.Anal. Chem. 1985,57, 1529.
LaCourse, W.R.; Johnson, D.C.Carbohydr. Res. 1991,215, 159.
Technical Note 20, Dionex, Sunnyvale, CA,1993.
Rocklin, R.D.; Pohl, C.A.J. Liq. Chromatogr. 1983,6, 1557.
Olechno, J.D.; Carter, S.R.; Edwards, W.T.; Gillen, D.G.Am. Biotechnol. Lab. 1987,5, 38.
Weiß, J. Ionenchromatographie, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim,2001.
Mopper, K.; Shultz, C.A.; Chevolot, L.; Germain, C.; Revuelta, R.; Dowson, R.Environ. Sci. Technol. 1992,26, 133.
Corradini, C.; Corradini, D.; Huber, C.G.; Bonn, G.K.J. Chromatogr. A 1994,685, 213.
Corradini, C.; Corradini, D.; Huber, C.G.; Bonn, G.K.Chromatographia 1995,41, 511.
Luo, P.F.; Kuwana, T.Anal. Chem. 1994,66, 2775.
Masuda, T.; Nishimura, Y.; Tonegawa, M.; Kitahara, K.; Arai, S.; Yamashita, J.; Takai, N.J. Chromatogr. A 1999,845, 401.
Wongyai, S.; Varga, J.M.; Bonn, G.K.J. Chromatogr. 1991,536, 155.
Huber, C.G.; Oefner, P.J.; Bonn, G.K.Anal. Biochem. 1993,212, 351.
Cataldi, T.R.I.; Campa, C.; Angelotti, M.; Bufo, S.A.J. Chromatogr. A 1999,855, 539.
Miki, K.; Butler, R.; Moore, D.; Davidson, G.Clin. Chem. 1996,42, 71.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jochum, M., Bakry, R., Wartusch, I. et al. Analysis of carbohydrates using different quaternized polystyrene-divinylbenzene particles and pulsed amperometric detection. Chromatographia 56, 263–268 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02491930
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02491930