Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

The reversed-flow medio-distal fasciocutaneous island thigh flap: anatomic basis and clinical applications

Le lambeau fascio-cutané médio-distal de la cuisse à flux inversé. Bases anatomiques et applications cliniques

  • Anatomic Bases Of Medical, Radiological And Surgical Techniques
  • Published:
Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

A new fasciocutaneous reversed-flow island flap of the thigh is presented which is independent of the presence of perfused blood vessels below the level of the knee joint-line. The pedicle, which is supplied by the proximal genicular anastomotic network, consists of the osteoarticular branch (OAB) and concomitant veins of the descending genicular artery. Based on cadaver dissections the OAB arose in 23/30 specimens (77%) together with the saphenous artery (SA). In 2/30 specimens (7%) the OAB originated directly from the superficial femoral artery and in 1/30 specimens (3%) the OAB was absent. The OAB gave off one to three cutaneous branches to the overlying skin in 26/30 specimens (87%). We were able to elevate a flap on the osteoarticular branch alone in 57%. Additional length could be added to the pedicle in 33% by including the most proximal part of the saphenous artery together with its first cutaneous branch. Thus, in 90% of the dissections a reversed-flow island flap could be raised which reached the proximal half of the leg, the knee and the most distal part of the thigh. We report our early clinical experience.

Résumé

Un nouveau lambeau fasciocutané en îlot de la cuisse à flux inversé est présenté, dont la caractéristique est d'être indépendant de la présence de vaisseaux sanguins perfusés au-dessous du niveau de l'interligne articulaire du genou. Le pédicule est constitué par le réseau anastomotique proximal du genou centré sur le rameau ostéo-articulaire (ROA) de l'artère descendante du genou (ADG) et ses veines satellites. CE ROA a été étudié sur des dissections cadavériques, il naissait 23 fois sur 30 (77%) d'un tronc commun avec l'artère saphène (AS), dans 2 cas sur 30 (7%) il naissait directement de l'artère fémorale superficielle, et dans 1 cas sur 30 (3%) il était absent. Le ROA abandonnait 1 à 3 branches cutanées aux téguments adjacents sur 26 des 30 spécimens (87%). Il fut possible de lever un lambeau centré sur le ROA seul dans 57% des cas. Il est possible d'allonger le pédicule en incluant la partie la plus proximale de l'artére saphène et sa première branche cutanée dans 33 % des cas. En recourant ou non à cet artifice, sur 90% des dissections, il aurait été possible de lever un lambeau en îlot à flux inversé qui aurait atteint la partie proximale de la jambe, le genou et la partie le plus distale de la cuisse. Nos premiers cas cliniques sont présentés.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Acland RD, Schusterman M, Godina M, Eder E, Taylor GI, Carlisle I (1981) The saphenous neurovascular free flap. Plast Reconstr Surg 67: 763–774

    Google Scholar 

  2. Arnold PG, Prunes-Carrillo F (1981) Vastus medialis muscle flap for functional closure of the exposed knee Joint. Plast Reconstr Surg 68: 69–72

    Google Scholar 

  3. Barclay TL, Sharpe DT, Chisholm EM (1983) Cross-leg fasciocutaneous flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg 72: 843–846

    Google Scholar 

  4. Bertelli JA (1992) The medial septumcutaneous island thigh flap (25.10.91). Surg Radiol Anat 14: 191–192

    Google Scholar 

  5. Bertelli JA (1992) The saphenous posteromedial cutaneous island thigh flap and the saphenous supero-medial cutaneous island leg flap (25.10.91). Surg Radiol Anat 14: 187–189

    Google Scholar 

  6. Hertel R, Masquelet AC (1989) The reversed-flow medial knee osteoperiosteal flap for skeletal reconstruction of the leg. Description and anatomical basis. Surg Radiol Anat 11:257–262

    Google Scholar 

  7. Kasabian AK, Colen SR, Shaw WW, Pachter HL (1991) The role of microvascular free flaps in salvaging below-knee amputation stumps: A Review of 22 Cases. J Trauma 31: 495–501

    Google Scholar 

  8. Kirschner MH, Menck J, Hofmann GO (1996) Anatomic bases of a vascularized allogenic knee joint transplantation: arterial blood supply of the human knee joint. Surg Radiol Anat 18: 263–269

    Google Scholar 

  9. Laitung JKG (1989) The lower posterolateral thigh flap. Br J Plast Surg 42: 133–139

    Google Scholar 

  10. Lin SD, Lai CS, Chiu YT, Lin TM, Chou CK (1996) Adipofascial flap of the lower leg based on the saphenous artery. Br J Plast Surg 49: 390–395

    Google Scholar 

  11. Martin D, Bitonti-Grillo C, De Biscop J, Schott H, Mondie JM, Baudet J, Peri G (1991) Mandibular reconstruction using a free vascularised osteocutaneous flap from the internal condyle of the femur. Br J Plast Surg 42: 397–402

    Google Scholar 

  12. Maruyama Y, Iwahira Y (1989) Popliteo-posterior thigh fasciocutaneous island flap for closure around the knee. Br J Plast Surg 42: 140–143

    Google Scholar 

  13. Swartz WM, Ramasastry SS, McGill JR, Noonan JD (1987) Distally Based Vastus Lateralis Muscle Flap for Coverage of Wounds About the Knee. Plast Reconstr Surg 80: 255–263

    Google Scholar 

  14. Tang ML, Liu XY, Ren JW, Zhang DC, Li RS, Wen YM, Ge BF (1993) The sartorius myocutaneous island flap. Surg Radiol Anat 15: 259–263

    Google Scholar 

  15. Tobin GR (1985) Vastus Medialis Myocutaneous and myocutaneous-tendinous composite flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg 75: 677–684

    Google Scholar 

  16. Torii S, Hayashi Y, Hasegawa M, Sugiura S (1989) Reversed-flow saphenous island flap in the patient with below-knee amputation. Br J Plast Surg 42: 517–520

    Google Scholar 

  17. Tsai CC, Lin SD, Lai CS, Chou CK, Lin TM (1995) Reconstruction of the upper Leg and knee with a reversed flow saphenous island flap based on the medial inferior genicular artery. Ann Plast Surg 35: 480–484

    Google Scholar 

  18. Williams PL, Warwick R, Dyson M, Bannister LH (1989) Gray's anatomy. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh London Melbourne New York

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ballmer, F.T., Masquelet, A.C. The reversed-flow medio-distal fasciocutaneous island thigh flap: anatomic basis and clinical applications. Surg Radiol Anat 20, 311–316 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01630611

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01630611

Key words

Navigation