Summary
The reparative process following left ventriculotomy was investigated immunohistochemically using anti-type I, II, III, IV, V and VI collagen antibodies, and anti-fibronectin antibody. Wound healing began with proliferation of young fibroblasts positive for type I, III and V collagens at the wound margin; vascular granulation tissue then grew into the injured myocardium followed by deposition of fibrous components immunoreactive with type I and III. At 30 days after operation when almost the entire thickness of the myocardium at the wound was replaced by fibrosing granulation tissue, a small cluster of adipocytes appeared around capillaries at the wound margin. The granulation tissue was gradually replaced by the adipose tissue with establishment of a fibrous union at the subendocardium by 90 days. In addition to type I and III collagens, type VI collagen was detected in a fine fibrillary pattern along thick collagen fibre bundles in the fibrous tissue and around the adipocytes. Fibronectin was distributed diffusely in the granulation tissue and gradually decreased with increase of the fibrous components. These results indicate that the ventriculotomy was finally repaired in the form of a fibrous scar, particularly in the endocardium. There was marked infiltration of adipose tissue in the damaged myocardium. Presumably type VI collagen, as well as type I and type III collagens, plays an important role in wound union.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adachi E, Hayashi T (1986) In vitro formation of hybrid fibrils of type V collagen and type I collagen. Connect Tissue Res 14:257–266
Bailey AJ, Bazin S, Sins TJ, Lelous M, Niidetis, Delanny A (1975) Characterization of the collagen of human hypertrophic and normal scars. Biochim Biophys Acta 405:412
Bartholomew JS, Anderson JC (1983) Investigation of relationships between collagens, elastin and proteoglycans in bovine thoracic aorta by immunofluorescence techniques. Histochem J 15:1177–1190
Birk DE, Fitch JM, Babiarz JP, Linsenmayer TF (1988) Collagen type I and type V are present in the same fibril in the avian corneal stroma. J Cell Biol 106:999–1008
Carpenter S, Karpati G (1984) Cells and structures other than skeletal muscle cells. In: Carpewnter S, Karpati G (eds) Pathology of skeletal muscle. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, pp 351–408
Carter BN, MacMillian BG (1950) A technique for excision of portions of the entire thickness of the ventricles of the heart. An experimental study. Surg Gynecol Obstet 90:282–290
Dillon ML, Postlethwait RW (1961) Studies of healing of experimental left ventricular wounds. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 41:514–522
Fisher ER, Paar J (1960) Carrageenin granuloma in the guinea pig and rat. Effect of hydrocortisone, estradiol and mast cell depletion on its histological and histochemical features. AMA Arch Pathol 70:565–575
Forrest L, Jackson DS (1971) Intermolecular crosslinking of collagen in human and guinea pig scar tissue. Biochim Biophys Acta 229:681–689
Frankel A, Zaroff LI, Baronofsky ID (1961) A functional and morphologic evaluation of left ventriculotomy. Ann Surg 153:63–70
Gibson MA, Cleary EG (1983) Distribution of CL glycoprotein in tissues: an immunohistochemical study. Coll Relat Res 3:469–488
Hering TM, Marchant RE, Anderson JM (1983) Type V collagen during granulation tissue development. Exp Mol Pathol 39:219–229
Iida S (1983) An experimental study of the reaction of the myocardium, coronary arteries and conduction system to cryocoagulation. J Jpn Assoc Thorac Surg 31:1279–1292
Iwa T, Misaki T, Mukai K, Kamata E, Isida K (1988) Surgical management of non-ischemic ventricular tachycardia. In: Iwa T, Fontaine G (eds) Cardiac arrhythmias. Recent progress in investigation and management. Elsevier Press, Amsterdam, pp 271–292
Kawahara E, Shiroo M, Nakanishi I, Migita S (1989) The role of fibronectin in the development of experimental amyloidosis. Evidence of immunohistochemical codistribution and binding property with serum amyloid protein. Am J Pathol 134:1305–1314
Kurkinen M, Vaheri A, Roberts PJ, Stenman S (1980) Sequential appearance of fibronectin and collagen in experimental granulation tissue. Lab Invest 43:47–51
Linsenmayer TF, Fitch JM, Schmid TM, Zak NB, Gibney E, Sanerson RD, Mayne R (1983) Monoclonal antibodies against chicken type V collagen. Production, specificity and use for immunocytochemical localization in embryonic cornea and other organs. J Cell Biol 96:124–132
Madri JA, Furthmayr H (1980) Collagen polymorphism in the lung. An immunochemical study of pulmonary fibrosis. Hum Pathol 11:353–366
Martinez-Hernandez A, Amenta PS (1983) The basement membrane in pathology. Lab Invest 48:656–677
Mayne R (1986) Collagenous proteins of blood vessels. Arteriosclerosis 6:585–593
Minamoto T, Ooi A, Okada Y, Mai M, Nagai Y, Nakanishi I (1988) Desmoplastic reaction of gastric carcinoma: a light- and electron-microscopic immunohistochemical analysis using collagen type-specific antibodies. Hum Pathol 19:812–821
Narayanan AS, Page RC (1985) Synthesis of type V collagen by fibroblasts derived from, normal, inflamed and hyperplastic human connective tissues. Coll Relat Res 5:297–304
Oda Y, Kawahara E, Minamoto T, Ueda Y, Ikeda K, Nagai Y, Nakanishi I (1988) Immunohistochemical studies on tissue localization of collagen types in schwannomas. The correlation with ultrastructural features of the extracellular matrix. Virchows Arch [B] 56:153–163
Ooshima A (1981) Collagen αB chain. Increased proportion in human atherosclerosis. Science 213:666–668
Rauterberg J, Jander R, Troyer D (1986) Type VI collagen. A structural glycoprotein with a collagenous domain. Front Matrix Biol 11:90–109
Rennard SI, Berg R, Martin GR, Foidart JM, Robey PG (1980) Enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) for connective tissue components. Anal Biochem 104:205–214
Shuttleworth CA, Forrest L (1975) Changes in guinea-pig dermal collagen during development. Eur J Biochem 55:391–395
Thomas CG, Hill C, Ziffren SE (1952) Healing of extensive cardiac wounds. J Thorac Surg 24:346–354
Ueda Y, Nakanishi I (1989) Immunohistochemical and biochemical studies on the collagenous proteins of human osteosarcoma. Virchows Arch [B] 58:79–88
Uhl HSM (1972) A previously undescribed congenital malformation of the heart. Almost total absence of the myocardium of the right ventricle. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp 91:197–209
Von der Mark H, Aumailley M, Wick G, Fleischmajer R, Timpl R (1984) Immunochemistry, genuine size and tissue localization of collagen VI. Eur J Biochem 142:493–502
Vracko R, Thorning D, Frederickson RG, Cunningham D (1988) Myocyte reactions at the borders of injured and healing rat myocardium. Lab Invest 59:104–114
Warren WD, Blanton FS, Muller WH (1957) Studies in the healing of large right ventriculotomies. Surgery 42:910–918
Williams IF, Mcculagh KG, Silver IA (1984) The distribution of types I and III collagen and fibronectin in the healing equine tendon. Connect Tissue Res 12:211–227
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kawahara, E., Mukai, A., Oda, Y. et al. Left ventriculotomy of the heart: tissue repair and localization of collagen types I, II, III, IV, V, VI and fibronectin. Vichows Archiv A Pathol Anat 417, 229–236 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01600138
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01600138