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Role of glycoprotein gD in the adhesion of pseudorabies virus infected cells and subsequent cell-associated virus spread

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Summary

Pseudorabies virus (PrV) infected cells in suspension are able to adhere to a monolayer of uninfected cells by means of PrV glycoproteins expressed at the outer cell membrane, with gB and gC playing a major role as ligands and a heparinlike substance as receptor. In order to investigate the role of gD in this process and subsequent transmission of infectivity to contact cells, experiments with a gD deletion mutant, heparin and a monoclonal antibody (Mab) against gD were performed. The first indication that gD is active during cell adhesion was found by the observation that the binding of gD− PrV infected cells was five times weaker than that of wild type (WT) PrV infected cells. Further evidence was given by the use of a Mab against gD. Preincubation of WT PrV infected cells with this Mab led to a reduction of the percentage adhering cells from 69% to 49%. The same Mab inhibited the heparin independent and heparin resistant binding of WT PrV infected cells indicating that gD is important during both processes. Furthermore, it was demonstrated in a plaque assay that, after contact with a monolayer, gD− PrV infected cells in suspension were able to induce plaques with an efficiency of 1%. In conclusion, we can state that beside the interaction of the ligands gB and gC with a heparinlike receptor also the interaction of gD with a receptor which differs from a heparinlike substance mediates the binding of WT PrV infected cells to uninfected cells and that gD is not essential for the subsequent cell-to-cell spread of the virus.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Veterinary Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gent, Merelbeke, Belgium

    F. P. Hanssens & H. J. Nauwynck

  2. Department of Molecular and Cellular Virology, Federal Research Centre for Virus Diseases of Animals, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institutes, Insel Riems, Federal Republic of Germany

    T. C. Mettenleiter

Authors
  1. F. P. Hanssens
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  2. H. J. Nauwynck
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  3. T. C. Mettenleiter
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Hanssens, F.P., Nauwynck, H.J. & Mettenleiter, T.C. Role of glycoprotein gD in the adhesion of pseudorabies virus infected cells and subsequent cell-associated virus spread. Archives of Virology 140, 1855–1862 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01384348

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01384348

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