Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

New ways of performing in vivo flow velocity measurements in the basilar artery

  • Diagnostic Neuroradiology
  • Published:
Neuroradiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The basilar artery is the only large artery in which two flows merge, and this is reflected in the flow downstream. We report quantitative flow — velocity measurements with a phase-based MR technique, i.e. the Fourier velocity encoding method, in the basilar artery of a volunteer. To our knowledge, this has not previously been performed successfully. A comparison is made with the results of flow velocity measurements in the basilar artery with transcranial Doppler ultrasonography; the techniques agreed very well. Although Doppler ultrasonography is still most widely used, no information on the flow rate and the flow velocity distribution in the basilar artery can be provided. MR flow measurement techniques appear promising when detailed information on the flow velocity distribution and flow rate is needed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Aaslid R, Markwalder TM, Nornes H (1982) Noninvasive transcranial Doppler ultrasound of flow velocity in basal cerebral arteries. J Neurosurg 57: 769–774

    Google Scholar 

  2. Hahn EL (1950) Spin echoes. Physiol Rev 80: 580–594

    Google Scholar 

  3. Singer JR, Crooks LE (1983) Nuclear magnetic resonance blood flow measurements in the human brain. Science 221: 654–656

    Google Scholar 

  4. Matsuda T, Shimizu K, Sakurai T, Fujita A, Ohara H, Okamura S, Hashimoto S, Tamaki S, Kawai C (1987), Measurement of aortic blood flow with MR imaging: comparative study with Doppler US. Radiology 162: 857–861

    Google Scholar 

  5. Maier SE, Meier D, Boesiger P, Moser UT, Vieli A (1989) Human abdominal aorta: comparative measurements of blood flow with MR imaging and multigated Doppler US. Radiology 171: 487–492

    Google Scholar 

  6. Maier SE, Boesiger P (1992) Quantitative in vivo blood flow measurements with magnetic resonance imaging. In: Lanzer P, Yoganathan AP (eds) Vascular imaging by color Doppler and magnetic resonance. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 310–323

    Google Scholar 

  7. Boesiger P, Maier SE, Kecheng L, Scheidegger MB, Meier D (1992) Visualization and quantification of the human blood flow by magnetic resonance imaging. J Biochem 25: 55–67

    Google Scholar 

  8. Dumoulin CL, Doorly DJ, Caro CG (1993) Quantitative measurements of velocity at multiple positions using comb excitation and Fourier velocity encoding. Magn Reson Med 29: 44–52

    Google Scholar 

  9. Axel L (1984) Blood flow effects in magnetic resonance imaging. AJR 143: 1157–1166

    Google Scholar 

  10. Ku DN, Biancheri CL, Pettigrew RI, Peifer JW, Marlou CP, Engels H (1990) Evaluation of magnetic resonance velocimetry for steady flow. J Biomech Eng 112: 464–472

    Google Scholar 

  11. Krijger JKB, Heethaar RM, Hillen B, Hoogstraten HW, Ravensbergen J (1992) Computation of steady three-dimensional flow in a model of the basilar artery. J Biomech 25: 1451–1465

    Google Scholar 

  12. Ravensbergen J, Krijger JKB, Hillen B, Hoogstraten HW,(1995) Merging flows in an arterial confluence: the vertebrobasilar junction. J Fluid Mech 304: 119–142

    Google Scholar 

  13. Chong BW, Kerber CW, Buxton RB, Frank LR, Hesselink JR (1994) Blood flow dynamics in the vertebrobasilar system: correlation of a transparent elastic model and MR angiography AJNR 15: 733–745

    Google Scholar 

  14. Souza SP, Dumoulin CL (1992) Phasesensitive angiography. In: Lanzer P, Yoganathan AP (eds) Vascular imaging by color Doppler and magnetic resonance. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 178–194

    Google Scholar 

  15. Von Budingen HJ, Staudacher T (1992) Evaluation of vertebrobasilar disease. In: Newell DW, Aaslid R (eds) Transcranial Doppler. Raven Press, New York, pp 167–195

    Google Scholar 

  16. Tegeler CH, Eicke M (1993) Physics and principles of transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. In: Babikian VL, Vechsler LB (eds) Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. Mosby, St. Louis, pp 3–9

    Google Scholar 

  17. Fujika KA, Douville CM (1992) Anatomy and freehand examination techniques. In: Newell DW, Aaslid R (eds) Transcranial Doppler. Raven Press, New York, pp 9–31

    Google Scholar 

  18. Vriens EM, Kraaier V, Musbach H, Wieneke GH, Van Huffelen AC (1989) Transcranial pulsed Doppler measurements of blood velocity in the middle cerebral artery: reference values at rest and during hyperventilation in healthy volunteers in relation to age and sex. Ultrasound Med Biol 15: 1–8

    Google Scholar 

  19. Maeda H, Etani H, Handa N, Tagaya M, Oku N, Kim BH, Naka M, Kinoshita N, Nukada T, Fukunaga R, Isaka Y, Matsumoto M, Kimura K, Kamada T (1990) Avalidation study on the reproducibility of transcranial Doppler velocimetry. Ultrasound Med Biol 16: 9–14

    Google Scholar 

  20. Dumoulin CL, Souza SP, Hardy CJ, Ash S (1991) Quantitative measurement of blood flow using cylindrically localized Fourier velocity encoding. Magn Reson Med 21: 242–250

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ravensbergen, J., Hillen, B., Tarnawski, M. et al. New ways of performing in vivo flow velocity measurements in the basilar artery. Neuroradiology 38, 1–5 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00593204

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00593204

Key words

Navigation