Abstract
Seven genotypic female (46,XX) patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia, four reared as girls and three reared as boys were evaluated at 16–26 years of age with psychological interviews and testing. A small penis in the three young men produced a practical and psychological barrier that severely injured their personality. In spite of some degree of pre-adolescent tomboyism and a somewhat injured body image, the girls adjusted to their feminine gender indentity. It is concluded that in cases of both early and late diagnosis, the genotypic female sex should be prefered.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- IQ:
-
intelligence
References
Bender L (1938) A visual motor Gestalt test and its clinical use. American Orthopsychiatric Association, Research Monograph 3
Berg R, Svenson J, Astrom G (1981) Social and sexual adjustment of men operated for hypospadias during childhood. J Urol 125:313–317
Farkas LG, Hymie J (1970) Aftereffects of hypospadias repair in childhood. Postgrad Med 47:103–111
Goldfoot DA (1977) Sociosexual behaviors of non-human primates during development and maturity: social and hormonal relationship. In: Schrier AM (ed) Behavioral primatology. (Advances in research and theory, vol 1) Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ
Hochberg Z, Schachter Y, Benderly A, Leiberman E, Rosler A (1985) Growth und pubertal development in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 11β-hydroxylase deficiency. Am J Dis Child 139:771–780
Jones HW Jr, Verkauf BS Jr, Lewis VG, Money J (1970) The relevance of surgical, psychologic, and endocrinologic factors to the long-term end result of patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a study of 89 patients. Int J Gynecol Obstet 8:398–401
Money J, Daléry J (1976) Iatrogenic homosexuality: gender identity in seven 46,XX chromosomal females with hyperadrenocortical hermaphraditism born with a penis, three reared as boys, four reared as girls. J Homosex 1:357–371
Money J, Dalery J (1977) Hyperadrenocortical 46,XX hermaphroditism with penile urethra: psychological studies in seven cases, three reared as boys, four as girls. In: Lee PA, Plotnick LP, Koworski AA, Migean CJ (eds) Congenital adrenal hyperplasia. University Park Press, Baltimore, pp 433–446
Money J, Ehrhardt AA (1972) Man and woman, boy and girl: the differentiation and dimorphism of gender identity from conception to maturity. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore
Money J, Schwartz M, Lewis VG (1984) Adult erotosexual status and fetal hormonal masculinization and demasculinization: 46,XX congenital virlizing adrenal hyperplasia and 46,XX androgen insensitivity syndrome compared. Psychoneuroendocrinology 9:405–414
Murray HA (1943) Thematic apperception test manual. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass
Parder A (1954) Der Genital Befunde beim Pseudohermaphroditismus Feminimus des kongenitalen androgenitalen Syndroms. Helv Paediatr Acta 9:231–248
Raven JC (1956) Progressive matrices. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Rorschach H (1942) Psychodiagnostik. Huber, Bern
Schultz JR, Klykylo WM, Wacksman J (1983) Time of elective hypospadias repair in children. Pediatrics 71:342–351
Szondi L (1947) Experimentelle Triebdiagnostik. Huber, Bern
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hochberg, Z., Gardos, M. & Benderly, A. Psychosexual outcome of assigned females and males with 46,XX virilizing congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Eur J Pediatr 146, 497–499 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00441602
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00441602