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Water permeability of plant cuticles

Dependence of permeability coefficients of cuticular transpiration on vapor pressure saturation deficit

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Abstract

Using the system vapor/membrane/liquid, permeability coefficients of cuticular transpiration (P ct) were determined as functions of water activity in the vapor (a wv). Enzymatically isolated cuticular membranes (CM) of Citrus aurantium L. and nonisolated CM of onion bulb scales and eggplant fruits were investigated. P ct of Citrus and eggplant CM decreased with decreasing a wv, while permeability coefficients of CM of onion were independent of a wv. Extraction of soluble cuticular lipids (SCL) from the CM of Citrus increased permeability coefficients by a factor of approximately 500. This extraction had no effect on the dependence of P ct on a wv.

Treating cuticular membranes as a resistance network consisting of SCL and the polymer matrix, it is shown that the permeability of onion CM is determined by the resistance of the SCL arranged in series with the polymer matrix. In this type of CM liquid and vapor are separated by a continuous, nonporous layer of SCL, and the driving force of transpiration is the gradient of partial pressure of water vapor across the SCL layer. In the CM of Citrus and eggplant, the SCL layer is traversed by polar pores that swell or shrink depending on a wv. However, liquid continuity is maintained across these membranes down to a wv=0.22, the lowest value used. In this type of membrane the driving force of transpiration is the water potential gradient across the membrane.

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Abbreviations

CM:

cuticular membrane

MX:

polymer matrix

SCL:

soluble cuticular lipids

HEPES:

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N′-2-ethane sulfonic acid

MES:

(N-morpholino)ethane sulfonic acid

SADH:

succinic acid 2,2-dimethyl hydrazide

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Botanik und Mikrobiologie, Technische Universität München, Arcisstraße 21, D-8000, München 2, Federal Republic of Germany

    J. Schönherr & H. W. Schmidt

Authors
  1. J. Schönherr
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  2. H. W. Schmidt
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Schönherr, J., Schmidt, H.W. Water permeability of plant cuticles. Planta 144, 391–400 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00391583

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00391583

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