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Volcanic activity related to the formation of the Kuroko-type deposits in the Kosaka district, Japan

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Abstract

In the Miocene Kosaka formation of NE-Japan, submarine volcanic sedimentary deposits of the Kuroko-type occur. This formation consists mainly of volcanics which erupted in a submarine environment. The “Kosaka Volcano” was built up by nine or more volcanic events of a single eruptive cycle. The mode of eruption during a representative single eruptive cycle changed as follows: The Uwamuki tuff breccia is a contact product between dacitic magma and the sea water. Dacitic magma pushed the Motoyama dacite dome upward, as a result of the decrease in vesicularity and perhaps also in temperature. Next, a steam explosion occurred at a flank of this lava dome. The hydrothermal activity which began in this steam explosion center is responsible for the formation of the Kuroko-type Cu-Zn-Pb-mineral deposits. Similar examples of a single eruptive cycle as at Kosaka are also found in Quaternary terrestrial volcanoes of Japan.

Zusammenfassung

Submarin-vulkanisch-sedimentäre Lagerstätten des Kuroko-Typs kommen in der miozänen Kosaka-Formation vor, wo im letzten Jahrhundert der Name Kuroko zuerst angewandt wurde. Diese Formation besteht hauptsächlich aus submarinen Vulkaniten. Der „Kosaka-Vulkan“ wurde in mindestens neun Ausbruchzyklen aufgebaut. Die Art der Eruption änderte sich während eines typischen Einzelausbruchs folgendermaßen: Die Uwamuki Tuff-Brekzie entstand durch Kontaktwirkung zwischen dazitischem Magma und Seewasser. Eine Abnahme des Gasgehaltes und vielleicht auch der Temperatur führten zur oberflächennahen Intrusion des Motoyama Dazitdoms. An einer Flanke dieses Lavadoms kam es zur Dampfexplosion. Die Hydrothermaltätigkeit, die in diesem Dampfexplosionszentrum begann, ist verantwortlich für die Bildung der Minerallagerstätten vom Kuroko-Typ. Ähnliche Beispiele eines Ausbruchszyklus vom Kosaka-Typ wurden ebenfalls in quartären terrestrischen Vulkanen in Japan gefunden, wobei hier keine Minerallagerstätten des Kuroko-Typs vorkommen.

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  1. Institute of Mining, Kyushu University, Japan

    Ei Horikoshi

  2. Geologisk Institutt N. T. H., Trondheim, Norge

    Ei Horikoshi

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Horikoshi, E. Volcanic activity related to the formation of the Kuroko-type deposits in the Kosaka district, Japan. Mineral. Deposita 4, 321–345 (1969). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00207161

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