Abstract
In cultured canine tracheal smooth muscle cells (TSMCs), muscarinic receptor stimulation led to phosphoinositide (PI) hydrolysis. formation of inositol phosphates (IPs), and mobilization of intracellular Ca2+. Desensitization of IPs accumulation and Ca2+ mobilization evoked by carbachol was investigated using [3H]inositol labelling and Ca2+-sensitive dye fura-2. Treatment of TSMCs with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) for 30 min blocked the carbachol-stimulated formation of IPs and mobilization of Ca2+. The concentrations of PMA that gave half-maximal and maximal inhibition of carbachol-induced IPs accumulation were 70 nM and 1 μM. respectively. The inhibitory effect of PMA on carbachol-induced responses was reversed by staurosporine, a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, suggesting that the inhibitory effect of PMA was mediated through the activation of PKC. Treatment of TSMCs with PMA for 24 h, the cells remained the ability to response to carbachol-induced IPs accumulation and Ca2+ mobilization with the same extent as that observed in the control group. Inactive phorbol ester, 4α-phorbol 12, 13-didecanoate at 1 μM, did not inhibit the responses. The KD and Bmax of the muscarinic receptor for [3H]N-methyl scopolamine binding were not significantly changed by PMA treatment for either 30 min or 24 h. The locus of this inhibition was further investigated by examining the effect of PMA on AIF sup−inf4 -stimulated IPs accumulation in canine TSMCs. AIF sup−inf4 -induced response was inhibited by PMA treatment. supporting that G protein(s) can be directly activated by AIF sup−inf4 which was uncoupled to phospholipase C (PLC) by PMA treatment. The concomitant loss of IPs and Ca2+ mobilization is strong evidence in support of a causal relationship between PKC and IPs or Ca2+ pathways. In addition. our findings suggest that activation of PKC leads to a negative feedback regulation of carbachol-induced responses at a level distal to receptor occupancy.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abdel-Latif AA (1989) Calcium-mobilizing receptors, polyphosphoinositides, generation of second messengers and contraction in the mammalian iris smooth muscle: historical perspectives and current status. Life Sci 45:757–786
Aiyar N, Nambi P, Whitman M, Stassen FL, Crooke ST (1987) Phorbol-ester mediated inhibition of vasopressin and beta-adrenergic responses in a vascular smooth muscle line. Mol Pharmacol 31:180–184
Baba K, Baron CB, Coburn RF (1989) Phorbol ester effects coupling mechanisms during cholinergic contractions of swine tracheal smooth muscle. J Physiol Lond 412:23–42
Barnes PJ (1992) Modulation of neurotransmission in airways. Physiol Rev 72:699–729
Bennett CF, Crooke ST (1987) Purification and characterization of a phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C from guinea pig uterus. Phosphorylation by protein kinase C in vitro. J Biol Chem 262: 13789–13797
Berridge MJ, Dawson RMC, Downes CP, Heslop JP, Irvine RF (1983) Changes in the levels of inositol phosphates after agonist-dependent hydrolysis of membrane phosphoinositides. Biochem J 212: 473–482
Buchan KW, Martin W (1991) Modulation of agonist-induced calcium mobilization in bovine aortic endothelial cells by phorbol myristate and cyclic AMP but not cyclic GMP. Br J Pharmacol 104:361–366
Castagna M, Takai Y, Kaibuchi K, Sato K, Kikkiawa U, Nishizuka Y (1982) Direct activation of calcium-activated phospholipid-dependent protein kinase C by tumor promoting phorbol esters. J Biol Chem 257:7847–7851
Chuang DM, Lin WW, Lee CY (1991) Endothelin-induced activation of phosphoinositide turnover, calcium mobilization, and transmitter release in cultured neurons and neurally related cell types. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 17 [Suppl]:S85-S88
Coburn RF, Baron CB (1990) Coupling mechanisms in airway smooth muscle. Am J Physiol 258 (Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2):L119-L133
Connolly TM, Lawing JF, Majerus PM (1986) Protein kinase C phosphorylates human platelet inositol trisphosphate 5′-phosphomonoesterase, increasing the phosphatase activity. Cell 46:951–958
Gown AM, Vogel AN, Gordon D, Lu PL (1985) A smooth muscle-specific monoclonal antibody recognizes smooth muscle actin isozymes. J Cell Biol 100:807–813
Grynkiewicz G, Poenie M, Tsien RY (1985) A new generation of Ca2+ indicators with improved fluorescence properties. J Biol Chem 260:3440–3450
Halenda SP, Volpi M, Zavoico GB, Sha'afi RI, Feinstein MB (1986) Effects of thrombin, phorbol myristate acetate and prostaglandin D2 on 40–41 kDa protein that is ADP ribosylated by pertussis toxin in platelets. FEBS Lett 204:341–346
Katada T, Gilman AG, Watanabe Y, Bauer S, Jacobs KH (1985) Protein kinase C phosphorylates the inhibitory guanine-nucleotide-binding regulatory component and apparently suppresses its function in hormonal inhibition of adenylate cyclase. Eur J Biochem 151:431–437
Kikkawa U, Minakuchi R, Takai Y, Nishizuka Y (1983) Calcium-activated, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C) from rat brain. Methods Enzymol 99:288–298
Kotlikoff MI, Murray RK, Reynolds EE (1987) Histamine-induced calcium release and phorbol antagonism in cultured airway smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol 253 (Cell Physiol 22):C561-C565
Lapetina EG, Reep B, Watson SP (1986) Ionophore A 23 187 stimulates phosphorylation of the 40000 dalton protein in human platelets without phospholipase C activation. Life Sci 39:751–759
Leeb-Lundberg LMF, Cotecchia, Lomasney JW, Debernardis JF, Lefkowitz RJ, Caron MG (1985) Phorbol esters promote alpha1-adrenergic receptor phosphorylation and receptor uncoupling from inositol phospholipid metabolism. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82:5651–5655
MacNicol M, Schulman H (1992) Cross-talk between protein kinase C and multifunctional Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase. J Biol Chem 267:12197–12201
Matsumoto T, Molski TFP, Pelz C, Kanaho Y, Becker EL, Feinstein MB, Naccahe PH, Sha'afi RI (1986) Treatment of rabbit neutrophils with phorbol esters result in increased ADP-ribosylation catalyzed by pertussis toxin and inhibition of the GTPase stimulated by fmet-leu-phe. FEBS Lett 198:295–300
McCarthy SA, Hallam TJ, Merritt JE (1989) Activation of protein kinase C in human neutrophils attenuates agonist-stimulated rises in cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration by inhibiting bivalent-cation influx and intracellular Ca2+ release in addition to stimulating Ca2+ efflux. Biochem J 264:357–364
Murray RK, Bennett CF, Fluharty SJ, Kotlikoff MI (1989) Mechanism of phorbol ester inhibition of histamine-induced IP3 formation in cultured airway smooth muscle. Am J Physiol 257 (Lung Cell Mol Physiol 1):L209-L216
Nishizuka Y (1988) The molecular heterogeneity of protein kinase C and implications for cellular regulation. Nature 334:661–665
Orellana SA, Solski PA, Brown JH (1985) Guanosine 5′-O-(thiotris-phosphate)-dependent inositol trisphosphate formation in membranes is inhibited by phorbol ester and protein kinase C. J Biol Chem 260:5236–5239
Osugi T, Imaizumi T, Mizushima A, Uchida S, Yoshida H (1987) Phorbol ester inhibits bradykinin-stimulated inositol trisphosphate formation and calcium mobilization in neuroblastoma × glioma hybrid NG108–15 cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 240:617–622
Pearce B, Morrow C, Murphy S (1988) Characteristics of phorbol ester- and agonist-induced down-regulation of astrocyte receptors coupled to inositol phospholipid metabolism J Neurochem 50:936–944
Pfeilschifter J, Ochsner M, Whitebread S, De Gasparo M (1989) Down-regulation of protein kinase C potentiates angiotensin II-stimulated polyphosphoinositide hydrolysis in vascular smooth-muscle cells. Biochem J 262:285–291
Rana RS, Hokin LE (1990) Role of phosphoinositides in transmembrane signaling. Physiol Rev 70:115–164
Rembold CM, Murphy RA (1988) (Ca2+)dependent myosin phosphorylation in phorbol diester stimulated smooth muscle contraction. Am J Physiol 255:C719-C723
Somlyo AV, Bond M, Somlyo AP, Scarpa A (1985) Inositol trisphosphate-induced calcium release and contraction in vascular smooth muscle. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82:5231–5235
Supattapone S, Danoff SK, Theibert A, Joseph K, Steiner J, Snyder SH (1988) Cyclic AMP dependent phosphorylation of a brain inositol trisphosphate receptor decreases its release of calcium. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85:8747–8750
Willems PHGM, van Den Broek BAM, van Os CH, De Pont JJHHM (1989) Inhibition of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-induced Ca2+ release in permeabilized pancreatic acinar cells by hormonal nadphorbol ester pretreatment. J Biol Chem 264:9762–9767
Xu J, Chuang DM (1987) Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated phosphoinositide turnover in cultured cerebellar granule cells: desensitization by receptor agonists. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 242:238–244
Yang CM (1990) Muscarinic expression in the primary culture of tracheal smooth muscle cells. J Receptor Res 10:235–247
Yang CM, Chou S-P, Sung T-C (1991 a) Muscarinic receptor subtypes coupled to generation of different second messengers in isolated tracheal smooth muscle cells. Br J Pharmacol 104:613–618
Yang CM, Chou S-P, Sung T-C (1991 b) Regulation of functional muscarinic receptor expression in tracheal smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol 261 (Cell Physiol 30): C1123-C1129
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Correspondence to: Mao Yang at the above address
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yang, C.M., Sung, TC., Ong, R. et al. Effect of phorbol ester on phosphoinositide hydrolysis and calcium mobilization in cultured canine tracheal smooth muscle cells. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol 350, 77–83 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00180014
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00180014