Abstract
Fifteen cases of presumptive poliomyelitis occurring in Italy between 1981–85 were studied in order to differentiate between paralysis caused by poliovirus and that of different etiology. Out of seven confirmed cases three were ≪ temporally associated with vaccination ≫.
Three aspects are discussed: i) the need for a careful differential diagnosis of paralytic cases; ii) the overconcern about the problem of vaccine-associated cases: iii) the risk connected with re-importation of wild poliovirus strains.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Benyesh-MelnickM., MelnickJ.L. (1959): The Use of In-Vitro Markers and Monkey Neurovirulence Tests to Follow Genetic Changes in Attenuated Poliovirus Multiplying in the Human Alimentary Tract; in Live Poliovirus Vaccines, 1st Int. Conf. of Live Poliovirus Vaccine, Washington, D.C. - Pan. Am. San. Bur. Publ., 44, 179–202.
BöttigerM., MellinP., RomanusV., SöderströmH., WesslenT., VonZeipelG. (1979): Epidemiological Events Surrounding a Paralytic Case of Poliomyelitis in Sweden. - Bull. W.H.O., 57, 99–103.
BrigaudM., AymardM., ThouvenotD., ChomelJ.J., MahmoodR.A., MathewP.P., JafarA.K.A. (1978): Poliomyelitis Survey in Middle-East Countries. 15th IABS Congress: Vaccinations in the Developing Countries, La Guadeloupe, 1978. - Develop. Biol. Standard, 41, 149–158.
Center for Disease Control (1980): Poliomyelitis Surveillance Summary 1977–78. Atlanta, Georgia 1–15.
ChumakovM., VoroshilovaM., ShindarovL., LavrovaI., GrachevaL., KorolevaG., VasilenkoS., BrodvarovaI., NikolovaM., GyurovaS., GachevaM., MitovG., NinovN., TsylkaE., RobinsonI., FrolovaM., BashkirtsevV., MartiyanovaL., RodinV. (1979): Enterovirus 71 Isolated from Cases of Epidemic Poliomyelitis-Like Disease in Bulgaria.- Arch. of Virol., 60, 329–340.
CollinghamK.E., PollockT.M. (1978): Paralytic Poliomyelitis in England and Wales 1976–77. - The Lancet, 1, 976–977.
GoldblumN., Swartz, T, GerichterC.B., HandsherR., LashE.E., MelnickJ.L. (1984): The Natural History of Poliomyelitis in Israel, 1942–82. - Prog. Med. Virol., 29, 115–123.
HorstmannD.M. (1982): Control of Poliomyelitis: A Continuing Paradox. - The J. of Inf. Dis., 146, 540–551.
JohnT.J., PandianR., GadomskyA., SteinhoffM., JohnM., RayM., (1983): Control of Poliomyelitis by Pulse Immunization in Vellore, India. - Brit. Med. J., 286, 31–32.
KewO.M., NottayB.K., HatchM.H., NakanoJ.H., ObijeskiJ.F. (1981): Multiple Genetic Changes Can Occur in the Oral Poliovaccines upon Replication in Humans. - J. Gen. Virol., 56, 337–347.
KrugmanR.O., HardyG.E., SellersC., ParkmanP.D., WitteJ.J., MeyerB.C., MeyerH.M. (1977): Antibody Persistence after Primary Immunization with Trivalent Oral Poliovirus Vaccine. - Pediatrics, 60, 80–82.
LennetteE.H., SchmidtN.J. (1979): Diagnostic Procedures for Viral, Rickettsial and Chlamydial Infections. - Am. Publ. Health Ass., Washington, DC 20005, 471–534.
MelnickJ.L., RennickV., HampilB., SchmidtN.J., HoH.H. (1973): Lypophilized Combination Pools of Enterovirus Equine Antisera: Preparation and Test Procedures for the Identification of Field Strains of 42 Enteroviruses. - Bull. W.H.O., 48, 263–268.
MooreM., KatonaP., KaplanJ.E., SchonbergerI.B., HatchM.H. (1982): Poliomyelitis in the United States (Special Report). - The J. of Inf. Dis., 146, 558–563.
MorraV., PalombiniR., SapioR., SantoroR., GrandolfoM.E. (1985): Indagine sulla pratica vaccinale nella U.S.L. 22 di Napoli. 44° Congresso Nazionale della Society Italiana di Pediatria. Messina — Giardini Naxos, Oct. 28–31, 1985. - Rivista Italiana di Pediatria, 11, 610–611.
OberhoferT.R., BrownG.C., MontoA.S. (1975): Seroimmunity to Poliomyelitis in an American Community. Am. J. of Epidemiol., 101, 333–339.
SabinA.B. (1981): Paralytic Poliomyelitis: Old Dogmas and New Perspectives. - Rev. of Inf. Dis., 3, 534–564.
SantoroR., LombardiF., NovelloF., AmatoC., RuggeriF.M., GrandolfoM.E., AnnesiI., CortellessaC.M., TimperiF., IngleseR., (1984): Serum Antibodies to Poliomyelitis in Italy. - Bull. W.H.O., 62, 591–595.
SchaapG.J.B., BijkerkH., CoutinhoR.A., KapsenbergJ.G., vanWezelA.L. (1984): The Spread of Wild Poliovirus in the Well-Vaccinated Netherlands in Connection with the 1978 Epidemic. - Prog. Med. Virol., 29, 124–140.
ShindarovL.M., ChumakovM.P., VoroshilovaM.K., BojinovS., VasilenkoS.M., IordanovI., KirovI.T., KamenovE., LeshchinskayaE.V., MitovG., RobinsonI.A., SivchevS., StaikovS.T. (1979): Epidemiological, Clinical and Pathomorphological Characteristics of Epidemic Poliomyelitis-like Disease Caused by Enterovirus 71. - J. of Hyg. Epidemiol. Microbiol. and Immunol., 23: 284–295.
SwartzT.A., Ben-PorathE., Ben-YshaiZ., WeissmannZ., KanaanehA., LeitnerL., GoldblumN. (1981): A Controlled Trial with Inactivated Poliovaccine. Int. Symp. on Reassessment of Inactivated Poliomyelitis Vaccine, Bilthoven 1980. - Develop. Biol. Standard., 47, 199–206.
UrasawaS., IshizawaF., UrasawaT. (1977): Antigenic Variation of Poliovirus Caused by Antibody Components with Different Specificities. - Microbiol. Immunol., 21, 299–307.
vanWezelA.L., HazedonkA.G. (1979): Intratypic Serodifferentiation of Poliomyelitis Virus Strains by Strain-Specific Antisera. - Intervirol., 11, 2–8.
WadiaN.H., KatrakS.M., MisraV.P., WadiaP.N., MiyamuraK., HashimotoK., OginoT., HikijiT., KonoR. (1983): Polio-Like Motor Paralysis Associated with acute Hemorrhagic Conjunctivitis in an Outbreak in 1981 in Bombay, India: Clinical and Serologic Studies. - The J. of Inf, Dis., 147, 660–668.
WallisC., MelnickJ.L. (1961): Stabilization of Poliovirus by Cations. - Texas Rep. Biol. Med., 19, 683–700.
W.H.O. Consultative Group (1982): The Relation between Acute Persisting Spinal and Poliomyelitis Vaccine/Results of a Ten-Year Enquiry. - Bull. W.H.O., 60, 231–242.
W.H.O. Weekly: Epidemiological Record (1985): Poliomyelitis: outbreak of paralytic poliomyelitis, 2, 10.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Novello, F., Lombardi, F., Amato, C. et al. Paralytic poliomyelitis in Italy (1981–85). Eur J Epidemiol 3, 54–60 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00145073
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00145073