Abstract
The sea fluxes of trace metals, POC, and settled material were studied in anoxic seawater, Saanich Inlet, B. C., Canada with sediment traps. This paper discusses the change of mass fluxes of sediment, trace metals and POC for various seasons and depths. The annual mean of settled material is 1.56 g.m−2.a−1, 84.6 mg. m−2.a−1 for POC, 60.0 mg. m−2.a−1 for Cu, 16.5 mg.m−2.a−1 for Pb, 189 mg.m−2.a−1 for Zn, 2.20 mg.m−2.a−1 for Cd, 699 mg.m−2.a−1 for Fe, 38.8 mg.m−2.a−1 for Co, and 84.6 mg.m−2.a−1 for Ni. The relations between the average fluxes of trace metals and POC, the fluxes of trace metals and settled matter, and the sea fluxes of trace metals and Fe are in linear progression. The resident times of elements as calculated from sea flux, are 1.1 a. for Cu, 0.014 a. for Pb, 0.50 a. for Zn, 3.8 a. for Cd, 0.16 a. for Fe, 0.39 a. for Co, and 1.14 a. for Ni. The order of resident times is as follows: Pb−Fe−Co−Zn−Cu−Ni−Cd. The metal resident times in Saanich Inlet are shorter than the values estimated for the open ocean. It illustrates that the biochemical processes in shallow Saanich Inlet are faster than those in the open ocean, and that debries of plankton and fecal pellets of zooplankton play an important role in vertical transport of organic carbons.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anderson, J. J. and Defal, A. H., 1973. Deep water renewal in Saanich Inlet, an intermittently anoxic basin.Estuar. Coast. Mar. Sci. I: 1–10.
Balistrieri, L., Brewer, P. G. and Murray, W., 1980. Scavenging residence times of trace metals and surface chemistry of sinking particles in the deep ocean.Deep Sea Research 28A: 101–121.
Davis, J. A., 1978. Adsorption of natural dissolved organic matter at the oxide/water interface.Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 46: 238–293.
Davis, J. A. and Leckie, K. O., 1978. Effect of adsorbed complexing ligands on trace metal uptake by hydrous oxides.Environ. Sci. Technol. 2: 1309–1315.
Davis, J. A., 1984, Complexation of trace metals by adsorbed natural organic matter.Geochm. Cosmochim. Acta 48: 679–691.
Eggimann, P. W. and Betzer, P. R., 1976. Decomposition and analysis of refractory oceanic suspended materials.Analytical Chemistry 48: 886–890.
Goldberg, E. D., 1954. Marine geochemistry, Chemical scavengers of the sea.J. Geol. 62: 249.
Herlinveaux, R. H., 1962. Oceanography of Saanich Inlet in Vancouver Island, British Columbia.J. Fish Res. Bd Can 19: 1–37.
Iseki, K., Whitney, F. and Wong, C. S., 1980 Biochemical change of sedimented matter in sediment trap in shallow coastal waterThe Bulletin of Plankton Society of Japan 27: 27–36.
Iseki, K. and Wong, C. S., 1983. Role of zooplankton fecal pellets in the vertical transport of organic matter in Saanich Inlet. Proceedings of Multidisciplinary Symposium on Saanich Inlet. 2nd February, pp. 51–57.
Juniper, S. K. and Brinkhurst, R. O., 1983. Physical, Geochemical and Micro-biological Processes in Saanich Inlet. Proceedings of multidis ciplinary Sypmposium m Saanich Inlet 2nd February, pp. 1–2.
Matsumoto, E. and Wong, C. S., 1977. Heavy metal sedimentation in Saanich Inlet measured with210Pb technique.J. Geophysical Research. B234: 5477–5482.
Parsons, T. R., Lebrassour, R. J. and Barraclough, 1972. Level of production in the pelagic environment of the Strait of Georgia. British Columbia: A review.J. Fish. Res. Bd Can. 27: 1251–1264.
Shailendro, K. Singh, V. Subramanian and Ronald, J. G., 1984, Hydrous Fe and Mn oxides—scavengers of heavy metals in the aquatic environment.Critical Reviews in Environmental Control 14: 33–90.
Spencer, D. W., Brewer, P. G., Fleer, A., Honjo, S., Krishnaswamo, S. and Nozaki, Y., 1978. Chemical fluxes from a sediment trap experiment in the deep Sargasso Sea.J. Mar. Res. 36: 493–521.
Stuchki, D. J. and Giovando, L. F., 1983 Deep water renewal in Saanich Inlet, British Columbia. Proceedings of Multidisciplinary Symposium on Saanich Inlet, 2nd February, pp. 7–17.
Stuchki, D. J. and Wong, C. S., 1982. Accurate and precise analysis of trace metals of Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, Fe and Ni in sea water by isopic dilution mass spectrometry. In: Trace Metals in Sea Water. Edited by C. S. Wong et al., Plenum Press, New York, Proceedings of Nato Advanced Research Institute held March 30 to April 3, 1981, Erice, Italy.
Surbramanian, V. and D’Auglenian, B. 1976. Water chemistry of the St. Lawrence estuary.J. Hydrol. 29: 341.
Takahashi, M., 1978. Winter condition of marine plankton populations in Saanich Inlet, B. C., Canada: I, Phytoplankton and its surrounding environment.J. Exp. Mar. Ecol. 31: 283–301.
Whitney, F. A. and Wong, C. S., 1983. Carbon cycling in the shallow water of Saanich Inlet. Proceedings of Multidisciplinary Symposium on Saanich Inlet. 2nd February. pp. 45–51.
Wong, C. S. et al., 1982. An intercomparison of sampling devices and analytical techniques using sea water from a CEPEX enclosure.In: Trace Metals in Sea Water. Edited by C. S. Wong et al., Plenum Press, New York, Proceedings of Nato Advanced Research Institute held March 30 to April 3, 1981, Erice, Italy. pp. 175–192.
Zhang Z. and Liu, L., 1979. A (Z/lx) Role of chemical processes in oceans and its applications—vii; The transport of elements in oceans and the screening loss parameter.Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica 10 214–229 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Contribution No. 1650 from the Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Binqiu, Z., Wong, C.S. & Johnson, K.W. Sea flux of trace metals in Saanich Inlet. Chin. J. Ocean. Limnol. 7, 345–354 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02846267
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02846267