Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Pediatric epilepsy — an Indian perspective

  • Symposium on Fest - Schrift for Late Dr. P.M. Udani
  • Published:
The Indian Journal of Pediatrics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Prevalence studies from India suggest that epilepsy prevalence is similar to developed nations. Neurocysticercosis (NCC) predominates as an etiology. A large treatment gap is still a public health problem. Benign epilepsies and West syndrome appear to be underrepresented in studies on classification of seizures/syndromes. Febrile seizures prevalence in India is similar to other countries and appear to be as benign. Risk factors of intractable epilepsy (IE) in Indian studies include early age of onset, neurodevelopmental abnormalities and certain seizure types. Perinatal injuries underlie many IE. Many IE are not truly intractable and respond to simple therapeutic measures. The ketogenic diet and surgery are other methods now being used in Indian centers. Neurocysticercosis and neonatal hypoglycemic brain injury, two widely prevalent etiologies are reviewed in detail

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Sridharan R, Murthy BN. Prevalence and pattern of epilepsy in India.Epilepsia 1999; 40: 631–636.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Chowdary GVS, Murthy JMK, Vijay Set al. Prevalence of Seizure Disorders Associated with Neurocysticercosis: A Community-based Study — Comprehensive Rural Epilepsy Study — South India (CRESSI). Presented at the Asian and Oceanic Congress of Neurology, Singapore 2004.

  3. Radhakrishna J, Pandian D, Santoshkumar Tet al. Prevalence, knowledge, attitude and practice of epilepsy in Kerala, South India.Epilepsia 2000; 41(8): 1027–1035.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Bharucha NE. Epidemiology of epilepsy in India.Epilepsia 2003. 44(Suppl.l);9–11.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Munot P. Etiology of symptomatic epilepsy with onset in the first three years of life. Presented at the National conference of the IAP (Pedicon) 7th Jan 2005, Kolkata

  6. Bharucha NE, Bharucha EP, Bharucha AEet al. Prevalence of epilepsy in the Parsi community of Bombay.Epilepsia 1988; 29:111–115.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Mani KS. Epidemiology of epilepsy in Karnataka, India.Neurosci Today 1997; 1: 167–174.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Thomas J, Seshadri V, Murthy JMKet al. Knowledge, attitude and practice of epilepsy in rural Andhra Pradesh, South India. Presented at the joint annual conference of the IAE & IES 2003, Vishakapatnam.

  9. Shah KN, Rajadhyaksha SB, Shah VSet al. Experience with the International league against epilepsy classifications of epileptic seizures (1981) and epilepsies and epileptic syndrome (1989) in epileptic children in a developing country.Epilepsia 1992; 33: 1072–1077.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Murthy JM, Yangala R, Srinivas M. The syndromic classification of the International League against epilepsy: A hospital based study from South India.Epilepsia 1998; 39:48–54.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Mani KS, Rangan G.The Yelandur Model for Rural Epilepsy Control in India in Epilepsy. In Singhal BS, Nag D, eds. Indian Epilepsy Association Publication 2000; 16–32.

  12. Febrile seizures: Long-term management of children with fever associated seizures. Summary of an NIH consensus statement.Brit Med J 1980; 281 : 277–279.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Anderson VE, Wilcox KJ, Hauser WAet al. A test of autosomal dominant inheritance in febrile convulsions.Epilepsia 1988; 29: 705–706.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Rich SS, Annegers JF, Hauser WAet al Complex segregation analysis of febrile convulsions.Am J Human Genet 1987; 41: 249–257.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Van Landingham KE, Heinz ER, Cavazos JEet al. Magnetic resonance imaging evidence of hippocampal injury after prolonged focal febrile convulsions.Ann Neurol 1998; 43: 413–426.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Shah KN, Rajadhyaksha. In Singhal BS, Nag, eds.Febrile Convulsions in Epilepsy in India. Indian Epilepsy Association publication 2000: 92–108.

  17. Joint working group of the research unit of the Royal College of Physicians and the British Pediatric Association. Guidelines for the management of convulsions with fever.Brit Med J 1991; 303: 634–636.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Knudsen FU. Febrile seizures: treatment and prognosis.Epilepsia 2000; 41 : 2–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Van Stuijvenberg M, Derksen-Lubsen G, Steyerberg EWet al. Randomised, controlled trial of ibuprofen syrup administered during febrile illnesses to prevent febrile seizure recurrences. Pediatrics 1998; 102: E51.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Annegers JF, Shirts SB, Hauser WAet al. Risk of recurrence with an initial unprovoked seizure.Epilepsia 1986; 27: 43–50.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Singh R, Scheffer IE, Crossland Ket al. Generalised epilepsy with febrile seizures plus: a common childhood — onset genetic epilepsy syndrome.Ann Neurol 1999; 45: 75–81.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Nelson KB, Ellenberg JH. Prognosis in children with febrile seizures.Pediatrics 1978; 61: 720–727.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Udani VP, Dharnidharka V, Nair Aet al. Difficult to control epilepsy in childhood — a long term study of 123 cases.Indian Pediatr 1993; 30: 1199–1206.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Kalra V, Gulati S, Pandey RMet al. West syndrome and other infantile epileptic encephalopathies — Indian hospital experience.Brain Dev 2002; 24: 130–139.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Seth A, Aneja S, Taluja V. Epileptic encephalopathies of early childhood.Indian Pediatr 2001; 38: 390–396.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Moharir M, Udani VP. Randomised controlled trial of high dose natural ACTHvs prednisolone in treatment of infantile spasms. Paper presented at Golden jubilee annual conference, Neurological Society of India; Abstract: 217.

  27. Karande SC, Dalvi SS, Kshirsagar NA. Shortcomings in the pharmacotherapy of epileptic children in Bombay.India J Trop Pediatr 1995; 41: 247–249.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Mani KS, Rangan G, Srinivas HVet al. Epilepsy control with phenobarbital or phenytoin in rural south India: the Yelandur study.Lancet 2001; 357:1316–1320.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Pal DK, Das T, Chaudhary Get al. Randomised controlled trial to assess acceptability of phenobarbital for childhood epilepsy in rural India.Lancet 1998; 351:19–23.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Rao MB, Radhakrishna K. Is epilepsy surgery possible in countries with limited resources.Epilepsia 2000; 41 (Suppl.4): S31-S34.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Garg RK. Childhood Neurocysticercosis: Issues in diagnosis and management.Indian Pediatr 1995; 32 :1023–1029.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Kalra V, Suri M, Jailkhani BL. A profile of childhood neurocysticercosis.Indian J Pediatr 1994; 61: 33–42.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Singhi P, Ray M, Singhi Set al. Clinical spectrum of 500 children with neurocysticercosis and response to albendazole therapy.J Child Neurol 2000; 15: 207–213.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Murthy JM, Yangala R. Etiological spectrum of localization-related epilepsies in childhood and the need for CT scan in children with partial seizures with no obvious causation — a study from south India.J Tropical Pediatr 2000; 46: 202–206.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Thakur LC, Anand KS. Childhood neurocysticercosis in South India.Indian J Pediatr 1991; 58: 815–819.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Garg RK. Medical management of neurocysticercosis.Neurol India 2001; 49: 329–337.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Padma MV, Behari M, Misra NKet al. Albendazole in neurocysticercosis.Natl Med J India 1995; 8: 255–258.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Del Brrutto OH, Santibanez R, Noboa CAet al. Epilepsy due to neurocysticercosis: analysis of 203 patients.Neurology 1992; 42: 389–392.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Carpio A, Santillan F, Leon Pet al. Is the course of neurocysticercosis modified by treatment with antihelminthic agents?Arch Intern Med 1995; 155: 1982–1988.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Del Brutto OH. Prognostic factors for seizure recurrence after withdrawal of antiepileptic drugs in patients with neurocysticercosis.Neurology 1994; 44: 1706–1709.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Mall RK, Agarwal A, Garg RKet al. Short course of prednisone in Indian patients with solitary cysticercus granuloma and new-onset seizures.Epilepsia 2003; 44(11): 1397–1401.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Singhi P, Jain V, Khandelwal N. Corticosteroids versus albendazole for treatment of single small enhancing computed tomographic lesions in children with neurocysticercosis.J Child Neurol 2004; 19: 323–327.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Nash TE, Patronas NJ. Edema associated with calcified lesions in neurocysticercosis.Neurology 1999; 53: 777–781.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Gupta RK, Kumar R, Chawla Set al. Demonstration of scolex within calcified cysticercus cyst: Its possible role in the pathogenesis of perilesional edema.Epilepsia 2002; 43: 1502–1508.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Grant Medical College & JJ Group of Hospitals, PD Hinduja National Hospital and Bf Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, India

    Vrajesh Udani

Authors
  1. Vrajesh Udani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vrajesh Udani.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Udani, V. Pediatric epilepsy — an Indian perspective. Indian J Pediatr 72, 309–313 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02724012

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02724012

Key words

Search

Navigation