Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Evidence bearing on the affiliative tendency (MAFF) and sensitivity to rejection (MSR) scales

  • Articles
  • Published:
Current Psychology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Affiliative Tendency (MAFF) is defined by generalized positive social expectations and behaviors. Relationships of the MAFF with various measures are given in parentheses following each item listed: liking of others (+), social anhedonia (−), social avoidance and distress (−), judged similarity and compatibility with others (+), favorable impressions of strangers (+), adjustments to high social density (+), concern about attractive appearance (+), self-disclosure and confidence (+), conversation and positiveness with others (+). Sensitivity to Rejection (MSR) essentially measures submissiveness and has the following relationships: assertiveness (−), leadership (−), competition performance (−), confidence (−), ability to deal with threat and hostility (−), submissive social behaviors (+). Dependency, loneliness, and popularity are derivative (mathematical) functions of the MAFF and MSR.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bardwell, R., & Braaksma, E.F. (1985). Motivation as a multifactor trait.The Journal of Psychology, 119, 5–14.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Byrne, D. (1971).The attraction paradigm. New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chapman, L.J., Chapman, J.P., & Raulin, M.L. (1976). Scales for physical and social anhedonia.Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 85, 374–382.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Crandall, J.E. (1975). A scale for social interest.Journal of Individual Psychology, 31, 187–195.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crowne, D.P., & Marlowe, D.A. (1960). A new scale of social desirability independent of psychopathology.Journal of Consulting Psychology, 24, 349–354.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Edwards, A.L. (1954).Edwards Personal Preference Schedule manual. New York: Psychological Corporation.

    Google Scholar 

  • El-Mangoury, N.H. (1981). Orthodontic cooperation.American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 80, 604–622.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eysenck, H.J., & Eysenck, S.B. (1968).Manual for the Eysenck Personality Inventory. San Diego, CA: Educational and Industrial Testing Service.

    Google Scholar 

  • Filsinger, E.F. (1981). A measure of interpersonal orientation: The liking people scale.Journal of Personality Assessment, 45, 295–300.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Greenway, J.D., & Greenway, P. (1985). Dimensions of interaction in psychotherapeutic groups.Small Group Behavior, 16, 245–264.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heyns, R.W., Veroff, J., & Atkinson, J.W. (1958). A scoring manual for the affiliation motive. In J.W. Atkinson (Ed.),Motives in fantasy, action and society (pp. 205–218). Princeton, N.J.: Van Nostrand.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, D.N. (1967).Personality Research Form Manual. Goshen, NY: Research Psychologists Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jorm, A.F., & Duncan-Jones, P. (1990). Neurotic symptoms and subjective well-being in a community sample: Different sides of the same coin?Psychological Medicine, 20, 647–654.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jorm, A.F., Duncan-Jones, P., & Scott, R. (1989). An analysis of the re-test artefact in longitudinal studies of psychiatric symptoms and personality.Psychological Medicine, 19, 487–493.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jourard, S.M., & Lasakow, P. (1958). Some factors in self-disclosure.Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 56, 91–98.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ksionzky, S., & Mehrabian, A. (1980). Personality correlates of self-disclosure.Social Behavior and Personality, 8, 145–152.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kuder, G.F., & Richardson, M.W. (1937). The theory of estimation of test reliability.Psychometrika, 2, 151–160.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leak, G.K. (1991). An examination of the construct validity of the Social Anhedonia Scale.Journal of Personality Assessment, 56, 84–95.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McNamara, J.R., & Delamater, R.J. (1984). The assertion inventory: Its relationship to social desirability and sensitivity to rejection.Psychological Reports, 55, 719–724.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mehrabian, A. (1970a). The development and validation of measures of affiliative tendency and sensitivity to rejection.Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30, 417–428.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mehrabian, A. (1970b). Some determinants of affiliation and conformity.Psychological Reports, 27, 19–29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mehrabian, A. (1971). Verbal and nonverbal interaction of strangers in a waiting situation.Journal of Experimental Research in Personality, 5, 127–138.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mehrabian, A. (1972). Nonverbal communication. In J.K. Cole (Ed.),Nebraska symposium on motivation, 1971: Vol. 19 (pp. 107–161). Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mehrabian, A. (1976). Questionnaire measures of affiliative tendency and sensitivity to rejection.Psychological Reports, 38, 199–209.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mehrabian, A. (1978a). Measures of individual differences in temperament.Educational and Psychological Measurement, 38, 1105–1117.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mehrabian, A. (1978b). Characteristic individual reactions to preferred and unpreferred environments.Journal of Personality, 46, 717–731.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mehrabian, A., & Bank, L. (1978). A questionnaire measure of individual differences in achieving tendency.Educational and Psychological Measurement, 38, 475–478.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mehrabian, A., & Diamond, S.G. (1971). The effects of furniture arrangement, props, and personality on social interaction.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 20, 18–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mehrabian, A., Epstein, N. (1972). A measure of emotional empathy.Journal of Personality, 40, 525–543.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mehrabian, A., & Hines, M. (1978). A questionnaire measure of individual differences in dominance-submissiveness.Educational and Psychological Measurement, 38, 479–484.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mehrabian, A., & Ksionzky, S. (1970). Models for affiliative and conformity behavior.Psychological Bulletin, 74, 110–126.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mehrabian, A., & Ksionzky, S. (1971). Anticipated compatibility as a function of attitude or status similarity.Journal of Personality, 39, 225–241.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mehrabian, A., & Ksionzky, S. (1972a). Categories of social behavior.Comparative Group Studies, 3, 425–436.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mehrabian, A., & Ksionzky, S. (1972b). Some determiners of social interaction.Sociometry, 35, 588–609.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mehrabian, A., & Ksionzky, S. (1974).A theory of affiliation. Lexington, MA: D.C. Heath.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mehrabian, A., & Ksionzky, S. (1985). Social behavior under interpersonal stress.International Journal of Small Group Research, 1, 51–68.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mehrabian, A., & O’Reilly, E. (1980). Analysis of personality measures in terms of basic dimensions of temperament.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38, 492–503.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, S., Rossbach, J., & Munson, R. (1981). Social density and Affiliative Tendency as determinants of dormitory residential outcomes.Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 11, 356–365.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moffitt, P.F., Spence, N.D., & Goldney, R.D. (1986). Mental health in marriage: The roles of need for affiliation, sensitivity to rejection, and other factors.Journal of Clinical Psychology, 42, 68–76.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Morris, L.W., Harris, E.W., & Rovins, D.S. (1981). Interactive effects of generalized and situational expectancies on the arousal of cognitive and emotional components of social anxiety.Journal of Research in Personality, 15, 302–311.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morse, J.J., & Caldwell, D.F. (1979). Effects of personality and perception of the environment on satisfaction with task group.Journal of Psychology, 103, 183–192.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murray, H.A. (1938).Explorations in personality. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murray, H.A. (1959). Preparations for the scaffold of a comprehensive system. In S. Koch (Ed.),Psychology: A study of a science, Vol. 3 (pp. 7–54). New York: McGraw-Hill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prohaska, T.R., Parham, I.A., & Teitelman, J. (1984). Age differences in attributions to causality: Implications for intellectual assessment.Experimental Aging Research, 10, 111–117.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenberg, M. (1957).Occupations and values. Glencoe, IL: Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosenheim, E., & Neumann, M. (1981). Personality characteristics of sexually dysfunctioning males and their wives.The Journal of Sex Research, 17, 124–138.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Russell, D., Peplau, L.A., & Cutrona, C.E. (1980). The revised UCLA Loneliness Scale: Concurrent and discriminant validity evidence.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39, 472–480.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Solar, D., & Mehrabian, A. (1973). Impressions based on contradictory information as a function of affiliative tendency and cognitive style.Journal of Experimental Research on Personality, 6, 339–346.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sorrentino, R.M., & Field, N. (1986). Emergent leadership over time: The functional value of positive motivation.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50, 1091–1099.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sorrentino, R.M., & Sheppard, B.H. (1978). Effects of affiliation-related motives on swimmers in individual versus group competition: A field experiment.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36, 704–714.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spielberger, C.D., Gorsuch, R.L., & Lushene, R.E. (1970).Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Srole, L. (1956). Social integration and certain corollaries.American Sociological Review, 21, 709–716.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Steers, R.M., & Braunstein, D.N. (1976). A behaviorally based measure of manifest needs in work settings.Journal of Vocational Behavior, 9, 251–266.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Strumpfer, D.J.W. (1974). Some correlates of Mehrabian’s scales of affiliative tendency and sensitivity to rejection.The Journal of Psychology, 87, 269–278.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Watson, D., & Friend, R. (1969). Measurement of social-evaluative anxiety.Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 33, 448–457.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of California, Los Angeles

    Albert Mehrabian

Authors
  1. Albert Mehrabian
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Mehrabian, A. Evidence bearing on the affiliative tendency (MAFF) and sensitivity to rejection (MSR) scales. Current Psychology 13, 97–116 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02686794

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02686794

Keywords

Search

Navigation