Cited References
W. Kroll, “Alloys of Ga,”Metallwirtschaft, 2, 435–437 (1932) in German. (Equi Diagram; Experimental)
N.A. Puschin, S. Stepanovic, and V. Stajic, “The Alloys of Gallium with Zinc, Cadmium, Mercury, Tin, Lead, Bismuth and Aluminum,”Z. Anorg. Chem.,209, 329–334 (1932) in German. (Equi Diagram; Thermo; Experimental)
W. Ptak, “Coefficients of Activity of Non-Ferrous Metals Giving Eutectics,”Arch. Hutn.,1, 53–96 (1956) in Polish. (The- rmo; Theory)
L. Bosio, A. Defrain, M. Erny, S. Lignel, and I. Epelboin, “Influence of Impurities on Supercooling, Solidification and Melting of Ga,”Mém. Sci. Rev. Métall.,58, 43–51 (1961) in French. (Equi Diagram; Experimental)
J.B. Cohen, B.W. Howlett, and M.B. Bever, “The Heats of Solution in Liquid Tin of the Group III Elements Aluminium, Gallium, Indium and Thallium,”Trans. Metall. Soc. AIME, 221, 683–686 (1961). (Thermo; Experimental)
Ph. Audit, I. Epelboin, and M. Erny, “Determination of the Solubility of Tin in Gallium by Measurement of the Electrical Resistance,”Mém. Sci. Rev. Métall.,59, 233–239 (1962) in French. (Equi Diagram; Experimental)
O.J. Kleppa and R.C. King, “Heats of Formation of the Solid Solutions of Zinc, Gallium and Germanium in Copper,”Acta Metall.,10,1183–1186 (1962). (Thermo; Experimental)
S. Delcroix, A. Defrain, and I. Epelboin, “Alloy Diagrams of Ga(I) or (II) with Sn, Zn or In,”J. Phys. Radium, 24, 17–20 (1963) in French. (Equi Diagram, Meta Phases, Thermo; Experi- mental)
B. Siede, “Eutectic Temperatures of Low Melting Alloys,”Metall.,17,1031–1033 (1963). (Equi Diagram; Experimental)
M.J. Pool and C.E. Lundin, “Heats of Solution of the Group III Elements Al, Ga and In in Liquid Sn at 750 °K,”Trans. Metall. Soc. AIME, 230,589–591 (1964). (Thermo; Experimen- tal)
B. Predel, “Constitution Diagram and Properties of Ga-Sn Alloys,”J. Less-Common Met.,7, 347–355 (1964) in German. (Equi Diagram, Crys Structure, Thermo; Experimental)
J.P. Bros, R. Castanet, and M. Laffitte, “Enthalpy of Mix- ing of Liquid Gallium-Indium and Gallium-Tin Alloys at 469 °C,”C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris), 264,1804–1806 (1967) in French. (Thermo; Experimental)
V.N. Danilin and S.P. Yatsenko, “Use of the E.M.F. Method to Improve the Accuracy of the Ga-Sn Phase Diagram,”Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Met.,5,203–207 (1968) in Russian. (The- rmo; Experimental)
B. Predel, M. Frebel, and W. Gust, “Thermodynamic Properties of Liquid Gallium-Tin and Gallium-Bismuth Al- loys,”J. Less-Common Met.,17, 391–402 (1969) in German. (Thermo; Experimental)
B. Predel and A. Emam, “Volume Changes During the Formation of Molten Alloys of the Ga-In, Ga-Sn, In-Bi, In-Pb, In-Sn and In-Tl Systems,”J. Less-Common Met.,18, 385–397 (1969) in German. (Thermo; Experimental)
J.P. Bros and M. Laffitte, “A Thermodynamic Study of Gal- lium-Tin Alloys,”J. Chim. Phys.,67(9), 1636–1642 (1970) in French. (Thermo; Experimental)
C. Bergman-Desnuelle, “A Thermodynamic Study by Mass Spectrometry of Interactions in the Gas and Liquid Phases,” Ph.D. thesis, Université Provence (1972) in French. (Thermo; Experimental)
M. Laffitte, J.P. Bros, and C. Bergman, “Enthalpy of For- mation of Ternary Liquid Alloys Sn-Ga-In,”Bull. Soc. Chim. Beige, 81,163–169 (1972) in French. (Thermo; Experimental)
M. Gambino, J.P. Bros, and I. Ansara, “Thermodynamic Study of the Ternary Ga-Sn-Zn System at 723 K,”Rev. Int. Hautes Temp. Rifract.,10(1), 5–10 (1973). (Thermo; Experi- mental)
A.S. Skoropanov, L.A. Mechkovskii, D.M. Zakharov, and A.A. Vecher, “Measurement of the Enthalpy of Mixing in the Ga-In-Sn System by Quantitative Differential Thermal Analy- sis,”Zh. Fiz. Khim.,47(3), 749–750 (1973) in Russian; TR: Russ. J. Phys. Chem., 47(3), 426–427 (1973). (Thermo; Experi- mental)
R. Boom, “Heat of Solution of Metals in Liquid Tin,”Scr. Metall, 8,1277–1282(1974). (Thermo; Experimental)
V.A. Lenichenko, Yu. I. Sementsov, and E.I. Kharkov, “Changes in Molar Volumes in Formation of Liquid Binary Al- loys,”Ukr. Fiz. Zh.,19(5), 780–785 (1974) in Russian. (Thermo; Experimental)
E. Shurai, V.N. Danilin, A.G. Dolesov, and I.T. Sryvalin, “Quantitative DTA Study of the Phase Diagrams of the Ga-In and Ga-Sn Systems,”Tr. Krasnodar Politekh. Inst.,63, 128–131 (1974) in Russian. (Equi Diagram; Thermo; Experi- mental)
P.E. Shurai, V.N. Danilin, and I.T. Sryvalin, “A Quanti- tative Thermographic Study of the Phase Diagram for the Gal- lium-Indium-Tin System,”Zh. Fiz. Khim.,48, 1325 (1974) in Russian; TR: Russ. J. Phys. Chem., 48, 780 (1974). (Equi Dia- gram; Thermo; Experimental)
A.A. Vecher, L.A. Mechkovskii, and A.S. Skoropanov, “Determination of the Heats of Formation of Tellurides,”Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Neorg. Mater.,10(12), 2140–2143 (1974) in Russian. (Thermo; Experimental)
A Defrain, “Metastable States of Gallium, Undercooling and Polymorphism,”J. Chim. Phys.,74, 851–862 (1977) in French. (Meta Phases, Crys. Structure; Review)
S.I. Popel and Yu.I. Maslennikov, “The Structure of Bis- muth-Tin, Bismuth-Indium and Gallium-Tin Eutectic Melts De- termined by Electron Diffraction,”Zh. Fiz. Khim.,51, 816–820 (1977) in Russian; TR: Russ. J. Phys. Chem. 51(4), 483–485 (1977). (Crys Structure; Experimental)
I. Ansara, J.P. Bros, and M. Gambino, “Thermodynamic Analysis of the Germanium-Based Ternary Systems (Al-Ga-Ge, Al-Ge-Sn, Ga-Ge-Sn),Calphad, 3, 225–239 (1979). (Thermo; Experimental)
M. Fornaris, Y.M. Muggianu, M. Gambino, and J.P. Bros, “Enthalpy of Formation of Gallium-Germanium-Tin Liquid Al- loys: Evaluation of the Liquidus Surface of the Phase Diagram from Excess Functions of the Mixing,”Z. Naturforsch. A, 35, 1256–1264(1980). Thermo; Review)
A.A. Trebukhov, R.G. Sarmurzina, and D.V. Sokol’skii, ”Study of the Physico-Chemical Properties of the Ga-Sn Sys- tem,”Zh. Fiz. Khim.,59(8), 2065–2067 (1985) in Russian. (Equi Diagram, Thermo; Experimental)
T.J. Anderson and I. Ansara, “The Ga-In (Gallium-In- dium) System,”J. Phase Equilibria, 12(1), 64–72 (1991). (The- rmo; Review)
A.T. Dinsdale, “SGTE Data for Pure Substances,”Calphad, 15(4), 317–425 (1991). (Thermo; Compilation)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Thermodynamic calculations were made using software provided by Dr. H.L. Lukas, Max-Planck Institut für Metallforschung. This work was partially supported by the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Literature searched through 1990. Dr. Ansara is the Alloy Phase Diagram Program Category Editor for binary gallium alloys
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Anderson, T.J., Ansara, I. The Ga-Sn (gallium-tin) system. JPE 13, 181–189 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02667485
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02667485