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Preconstruction solution for Groundwater rise in Sabkha

Mesures préalables à la construction pour faire face à. la remontée des eaux Souterraines dans les Sabkha

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Abstract

Sabkha deposits are formed under arid conditions and are considered as a common problematic soil along the coastal area of the Arabian Gulf. Saudi Arabia. One of the most serious problems associated with the coustruction on sabkha is the rise of groundwater level causing settlement and hence imposing additional stress on the structural elements. Groundwater rise in sabkha was attributed to numerous reasons; the interruption of the natural evaporation by construction is considered to the most prominent. The evaporation data along the Arabian Gulf coast had been analyzed and the possible rise in the groundwater level had been predicted using both the evaporation and soil porosity data. A horizontal drain is suggested to interrupt the capillarity in the soil and to drain the infiltrating water and hence stop the groundwater rise. A mathematical model for the optimum selection of the drain characteristics is presented. This model requires the knowledge of some site conditions such as the area to be drained, the thickness of the aquifer and the soil coefficient of permeability. Based on these values a design curve can be constructed to relate the horizontal drain characteristics such as the longitudinal transmissivity of the drain, its thickness and its slope. An example using the parameters of a specific site conditions along the Arabian Gulf coast is given to present the suggested design curve. The relative significance of these parameters on the drain characteristics and geometry is also discussed.

Résumé

Les dépôts de sabkha se font dans des conditions arides et sont considérés comme des sols posant des problèmes tout au long de la côte du Golfe arabo-persique en Arabie Saoudite. L’un des problèmes les plus sérieux associés à la construction sur des sabkha est la remontée du niveau de la nappe qui provoque des affaissements et en conséquence entraîne des contraintes supplémentaires pour les structures. La remontée de l’eau dans les sabkha a été attribuée à de nombreuses causes: l’interruption de l’évaporation naturelle due aux constructions est considérée comme l’une des principales. Les données concernant l’évaporation le long de la côte du golfe arabo-persique ont été analysées et la remontée probable du niveau de la nappe a été estimée, en utilisant à la fois les données sur l’évaporation et sur la porosité des sols. Les auteurs suggèrent la mise en place de drains horizontaux pour interrompre les remontées capillaires dans les sols et pour draîner les eaux d’infiltration. L’article présente un modèle mathématique permettant un choix optimal des caractéristiques des drains. Ce modèle suppose la connaissance des conditions du site, telles que la surface à draîner, l’épaisseur de l’aquifère et le coefficient de perméabilité des sols. En s’appuyant sur ces valeurs, on peut calculer les éléments de conception des drains, tels que leur transmissivité longitudinale, leur épaisseur et leur pente. L’exemple d’un site particulier le long du golfe arabo-persique est pris pour présenter des éléments de calcul suggérés. La signification relative de ces paramètres sur les caractéristiques des drains est également discutée.

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Shehata, W., Lotfi, H. Preconstruction solution for Groundwater rise in Sabkha. Bulletin of the International Association of Engineering Geology 47, 145–150 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02639603

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