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Interaction between thermal dilation and autogenous deformation in high performance concrete

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Abstract

The paper concerns the driving forces to stress generation and cracking in high performance concrete,i.e. thermal dilation and autogenous deformation and presents experimental results from a recently finalized Dr. program. The paper focuses on the effect of temperature, and discusses how to separate thermal dilation and autogenous deformation with the view to describe each with a model for use in stress calculations. The results show clearly that especially autogenous deformation is very complicated since autogenous deformation from isothermal tests appears to be fundamentally different from autogenous deformation in tests using realistic temperature development. The implication is that autogenous deformation under realistic temperature development cannot be predicted from isothermal test results and that the simple maturity concept cannot be used. The paper gives a new experimental approach to separate thermal dilation and autogenous deformation. The results from such tests show, that the thermal dilation coefficient varies more systematically with temperature. Consequently, the maturity concept appears to be more usable for the thermal dilation coefficient.

Résumé

Cet article concerne les mécanismes physiques qui sont à la base de la génération de contrainte et de la fissuration des bétons hautes performances: la dilatation thermique et le retrait endogène. Il présente les résultats expérimentaux acquis dans le cadre d'une thèse de doctorat récement soutenue. Il traite des effets de la température et des méthodes de séparation des composantes thermiques et endogènes du retrait. L'objectif final est de modéliser chacune des ces contributions, pour les utiliser dans des calculs de développement de contraintes. Les résultats présentés montrent clairement que la caractérisation du retrait endogène est difficile puisque celui qui est mesuré dans des conditions isothermes est fondamentalement différent de celui mesuré dans des conditions d'évolution, réaliste de la température. L'implication de ces travaux est que le retrait endogène se produisant dans des conditions non isothermes ne peut pas être prédit au travers d'essais isothermes et que le concept de maturité ne peut pas être utilisé. Cet article décrit enfin une nouvelle approche expérimentale pour séparer la dilatation thermique et le retrait endogène. Son application montre que le coefficient de dilatation thermique varie assez systématiquement avec la température. En conséquence, le concept de maturité semble plus adéquat pour la détermination de coefficient de dilatation thermique.

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References

  1. Bjøntegaard, Ø. ‘Thermal Dilation and Autogenous Deformation as Driving Forces to Self-Induced Stresses in High Performance Concrete’, Doctoral thesis, NTNU, Division of Structural Eng., Dec. 1999, ISBN 82-7984-002-8.

  2. Emborg, M., ‘Thermal Stresses in Concrete Structures at Early Ages’, Doctoral thesis, Luleå University of Technology, Division of Structural Engineering, 1989

  3. Hedlund, H., ‘Stresses in High Performance Concrete due to Temperature and Moisture Variations at Early Ages’, Licentiate thesis, Luleå University of Technology, Oct. 1996.

  4. Laplante, P. and Boulay, C., ‘Evolution du coefficient de dilatation thermique du béton en fonction de sa maturité aux tous premiers âges’,Mater. Struct. 27 (1994) 596–605 (in French).

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  5. Bjøntegaard, Ø., Kanstad, T., Sellevold, E. J. and Hammer, T. A. ‘Stressinducing Deformations and Mechanical Properties of High Performance Concrete at Very Early Ages’, in the 5th Int. Symp. 20–24 June 1999, Sandefjord, Norway, pp. 1027–1040.

  6. Bjøntegaard, Ø. and Sellevold, E. J., ‘Thermal Dilation—Autogenous Shrinkage: How to separate?’, Autogenous Shrinkage of Concrete: Proceedings of the Int. Workshop organized by the JCI, Hiroshima, June 13–14, 1998/Ed. by Ei-ichi Tazawa, © 1999 E & FN Spon, ISBN 0-419-23890-5.

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Editorial Note This paper was presented at the International RILEM Workshop Shrinkage of Concrete (‘Shirnkage 2000’) held on 16–17 October 2000 in Paris, France. Prof. E. J. Sellevold is a RILEM Series Member

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Bjøntegaard, Ø., Sellevold, E.J. Interaction between thermal dilation and autogenous deformation in high performance concrete. Mat. Struct. 34, 266–272 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02482205

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