Summary
Zwitterionic detergents such as n-decylbetaine and alkyl-sultaines, which contain quaternay ammonium functions, were found to be useful cationic hetaerons in ion-pair chromatography with alkyl-silica bonded stationary phases and acidic eluents. Retention moduli with zwitterion-pairing agents are generally lower than those obtained under comparable conditions with n-alkyltrimethylammonium salts having the same alkyl chain length. This behaviour is attributed to the presence of the negatively charged acid group in zwitterionic hetaerons. The effect is particularly pronounced with eluites having more than one acidic group. Zwitterionic detergents make possible ion pair chromatography with hydroorganic eluents having much lower concentration of organic solvent than those employed conventionally. Moreover they may offer significantly higher selectivity than the commonly used cationic hetaerons. With decylbetaine, the pH of acidic mobile phase strongly effects retention even if the negative charge on the eluite remain the same in the pH range investigated, because dissociation of the carboxylic group (pKa=1.83) drastically reduces retention moduli.
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Dedicated to Professor István Halász for his sixtieth birthday.
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El Rassi, Z., Horváth, C. Ion-pair chromatography with dipolar hetaerons. Chromatographia 15, 75–82 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02290437
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02290437