Abstract
The fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profiles of eighty strains ofPseudomonas corrugata from different geographic origins have been studied. Gas chromatographic profiles were obtained. The use of hexane/methyl-tert butyl ether (MTBE) (1∶1) for the extractions improves the yield of hydroxy-FAMEs used to identifyP. corrugata as compared to hexane alone. The analysis of the extracts with hexane/MTBE showed that many strains do not have the characteristic FAMEs ofP. corrugata (3-hydroxydodecenoic acid, 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid, 3-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid and two unknown additional fatty acids). These differences among strains seemed to be related to bacterial dissociation, associated with changes in morphological aspect of the colonies due to subculture. The comparison of profiles of wrinkled and smooth colonies isolated from ten strains confirmed the differences among those in specific FAMEs. Therefore, the FAME profiles are a useful tool for the identification ofP. corrugata when the bacteria have not been subculturedin vitro for a long time. Multivariate analyses of data showed that four clusters can be observed supporting the heterogeneity of the strains ofP. corrugata.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- FAME:
-
fatty acid methyl ester
- MTBE:
-
methyl tert-butyl ether
References
Benzecri JP and Benzecri F (1980) Pratique de l'analyse des données. 1. Analyse des correspondances. Exposé elementaire. Dunod, Paris. 424 pp
Cutri SS, Macauley BJ and Roberts WP (1984) Characteristics of pathogenic non-fluorescent (smooth) and (non-pathogenic fluorescent (rough) forms ofPseudomonas tolaasii andPseudomonas gingeri. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 57: 291–298
Fiori M (1992) A new bacterial disease of Chrysanthemum: a stem rot byPseudomonas corrugate Roberts et Scarlett. Phytopathologia Mediterranea 31: 110–114
Ikemoto S, Kuraishi H, Komagata K, Azuma R, Suto T and Murooka H (1978) Cellular fatty acid composition inPseudomonas species. Journal of General and Applied Microbiology 24: 199–213
Janse JD (1991a) Infra- and intraspecific classification ofPseudomonas solanacearum strains using whole cell fatty acid analysis. Systematic Applied Microbiology 14: 335–345
Janse JD (1991b) Pathovar discrimination withinPseudomonas syringae subsp.savastanoi using whole cell fatty acid analysis and pathogenicity as criteria. Systematic Applied Microbiology 14: 79–84
King EO, Ward MK and Raney DE (1954) Two simple media for the demonstration of pyocyanin and fluorescein. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine 44: 301–307
López MM, Siverio F, Albiach R, García F and Rodríguez R (1994) Characterization of Spanish isolates ofPseudomonas corrugata from tomato and pepper. Plant Pathology 43: 80–90
Lukezic FL (1979)Pseudomonas corrugata, a pathogen of tomato, isolated from symptomless alfalfa roots. Phytopathology 69: 27–31
Miller LT and Berger T (1985) Bacterial identification by gas chromatography of whole cell fatty acids. Hewlett-Packard Application Note: 228–241
Oyaizu H and Komagata K (1983) Grouping ofPseudomonas species on the basis of cellular fatty acid composition and the quinone system with special reference to the existence of 3-hydroxy fatty acids. Journal of General and Applied Microbiology 29: 17–40
Roberts P and Scarlett CM (1981) Tomato pith necrosis byPseudomonas corrugata n. sp. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 31: 215–218
Ryder MH and Borrett MA (1990) 526-01 colonization by non-fluorescent pseudomonads used for the control of wheat take-all. In: Keel C, Koller B and G. Dèfago (eds) Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria. Progress and Prospects. The 2th International Workshop on Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (pp 302–307) Interlaken, Switzerland: WPRS Bulletin, Bulletin SROP, XIV/8
Sasser M (1990) Identification of bacteria through fatty acid analisis. In: Klement Z, Rudolph K and Sands CD (eds) Methods in Phytobacteriology (pp. 191–198) Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó
Scarlett CM, Fletcher JT, Roberts P and Lelliott RA (1978) Tomato pith necrosis byPseudomonas corrugata n. sp. Annals of Applied Biology 88: 105–114
Scortichini M (1990) Occurence in soil and primary infections ofPseudomonas corrugata Roberts and Scarlett. Journal of Phytopathology 125: 33–40
Siverio F, Cambra M, Gorris MT, Corzo J and López MM (1993) Lipopolysaccharides as determinants of serological variability inPseudomonas corrugata. Applied and Enviromental Microbiology 59: 1805–1812
Stead DE (1991) Classification ofPseudomonas syringae pathovars by fatty acid profiling. Proceedings of the 4rd Working Group onPseudomonas syringae pathovars (pp. 381–390) Florence, Italy
Stead DE (1992) Grouping of plant-pathogenic and some otherPseudomonas spp. by using cellular fatty acid profiles. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 42: 281–295
Stead DE (1988) Identification of bacteria by computer assisted fatty acids profiling. Acta Horticulturae 225: 39–46
Stead DE, Sellwood JE, Wilson J and Viney I (1992) Evaluation of commercial microbial identification system based on fatty acid profiles for rapid, accurate identification of plant pathogenic bacteria. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 72: 315–321
Takikawa Y (1990) Chemotaxonomic and phenotypic characterization of phytopathogenic pseudomonads. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria (pp. 449–455) Budapest, Hungary
Van Outryve MF, Cerez MT, De Cleene M, Swings J and Mew TW (1992) Pathogenic pseudomonads associated with sheath rot and grain discoloration of rice. Abstracs of the 8th International Conference of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria (P1/A5). Versailles, France
Ward JH (1963) Hierarchical grouping to optimize an objective function. Journal of American Statistics Association 58: 236–244
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Siverio, F., Carbonell, E.A., García, F. et al. Characteristics of the whole cell fatty acid profiles ofPseudomonas corrugate . Eur J Plant Pathol 102, 519–526 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01877018
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01877018