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Therapeutic activities of antibiotics in listeriosis

Therapeutische Wirkung von Antibiotika bei Listeriose

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Summary

In vitro practically all common antibiotics except cephalosporins are active against nearly all natural isolates ofListeria monocytogenes; the therapeutic efficacy of antibiotic treatment is, however, rather limited, since up to 30% listeriosis patients will succumb to this infection. At least one reason for this lowin vivo efficiency is the intracellular habitat ofL. monocytogenes. In animal experiments ampicillin or amoxicillin, respectively, are still the most active drugs. In addition, rifampicin also has pronounced protective activity. Coumermycin, which unfortunately cannot be given to humans, is the most reliable drug in animals.

Zusammenfassung

Obwohl praktisch alle Listerienin vitro empfindlich gegenüber den üblichen Antibiotika — außer den Cephalosporinen — sind, ist der therapeutische Erfolg recht gering, denn bis zu 30% der behandelten Patienten sterben an dieser Infektion. Dies liegt zum Teil daran, daß eben zu einem erheblichen Teil sich diese Bakterien intrazellulär vermehren. Anhand von Tierversuchen läßt sich zeigen, daß Ampicillin bzw. Amoxicillin immer noch die höchste Effektivität bei der Listeriose besitzt. Auch Rifampicin hat eine auffallend gute Aktivität. Coumermycin, das im Tiermodell die beste Wirksamkeit besitzt, kann leider nicht für die Anwendung am Menschen zugelassen werden.

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  1. Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Fakultät für Klinische Medizin Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, W-6800, Mannheim 1, Germany

    H. Hof

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Hof, H. Therapeutic activities of antibiotics in listeriosis. Infection 19 (Suppl 4), S229–S233 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01644039

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