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Molecular interactions at the solid liquid interface with special reference to flotation and solid particle stabilized emulsions

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Summary

The experiments carried out with a variety of pure surface active agents, employed in flotation of ores as either collectors or frothers, show that (a) long chain homologues of alcohols and alkyl sulphates react strongly with xanthates at the air/liquid interface (Langmuir-trough experiments), (b) the molecular interactions between frothers and collectors occur at the solid/liquid interface — if the solid is suitably coated by collector molecules (frother adsorption tests), (c) the effects of molecular associations collector-frother are evident in frothing and flotation results. The measurements of air/water/solid and oil/water/solid contact angles (carried out under variable conditions as regards concentration of the surface active agents, pH, time of conditioning and presence of complexing agents in the oil phase) reveal the importance of the density of collector-coverage. The results have been applied to the stability and to the inversion of phase-continuity of oil/water emulsions stabilized by solid powders. A mechanism for attachment of suitably collectorcoated particles to an air bubble is postulated.

Zusammenfassung

Versuche, die mit den verschiedensten rein oberflächenaktiven Agenzien ausgeführt wurden, die bei Flotation von Erzen entweder als Sammler oder Schäumer angewendet werden, zeigen, daß

  1. a)

    langkettige Homologe von Alkoholen und Alkylsulfaten stark mit Xanthaten an der Luft-Flüssigkeitsoberfläche reagieren (Langmuir-Trog-Experimente),

  2. b)

    die molekularen Wechselwirkungen zwischen Schäumer und Sammler an der Oberfläche fest-flüssig auftreten, wenn die feste Phase entsprechend mit Sammlermolekülen bedeckt ist (Schäumer-Adsorptionsteste),

  3. c)

    Effekte molekularer Assoziation zwischen Sammler und Schäumer offenbar in Schäumungs- und Flotationsergebnissen eine Rolle spielen.

Die Messung von Luft-Wasser-Festkörper- und Öl-Wasser-Festkörper-Benetzungswinkeln, ausgeführt unter verschiedenen Bedingungen hinsichtlich Konzentration der oberflächenaktiven Substanz, ph, Konditionierungszeit und Gegenwart von anderen Agenzien in der Ölphase, zeigen die Wichtigkeit der Bedeckungsdichte mit Sammler. Die Ergebnisse wurden auf die Stabilität und Phasenumkehr von Öl-Wasser-Emulsionen, die mit festen Pulvern stabilisiert waren, angewendet.

Ein Mechanismus für das Anhängen geeigneter sammlerbedeckter Teilchen an eine Luftblase wird beschrieben.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ernest Oppenheimer Laboratory, Department of Colloid Science, The University of Cambridge, UK

    J. H. Schulman & J. Leja

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  1. J. H. Schulman
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  2. J. Leja
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Schulman, J.H., Leja, J. Molecular interactions at the solid liquid interface with special reference to flotation and solid particle stabilized emulsions. Kolloid-Zeitschrift 136, 107–120 (1954). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01519814

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