Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Mortality in broiler chicks on feed amended withFusarium proliferatum culture material or with purified fumonisin B1 and moniliformin

  • Mycotoxicoses And Mycotoxins
  • Published:
Mycopathologia Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Two hundred twenty-eight male chicks (Columbia × New Hampshire) were given feed amended with autoclaved culture material (CM) ofFusarium proliferatum Containing fumonisin B1 (FB1), fumonisin B2 (FB2) and moniliformin in 3 separate feeding trials. Purified FB1 and moniliformin were given separately and in combination in a fourth feeding trial. Birds were given amended rations at day 1 (Trial 1 and 4), day 7 (Trial 2), and day 21 (Trial 3) and their respective ration was given for 28 days (Trial 1), 21 days (Trial 2), 7 days (Trial 3), and 14 days (Trial 4). FB1 concentrations were 546, 193, and 61 ppm; FB2 were 98, 38 and 14 ppm; and moniliformin were 367, 193, and 66 ppm in the first 3 feeding trial regimens. Chicks in Trial 4 were given dietary concentrations of purified FB1 at 274 and 125 ppm, and moniliformin at 154 and 27 ppm. FB1 and moniliformin, both alone and in combination, produced dose-responsive clinical signs, reduced weight gains and mortality in chicks. Age of birds given amended feeds had little difference in the clinical response; however, those given the rations from days 7 or 21 were slightly less susceptible than those given rations beginning at 1 day of age. Additive effects were noted when the toxins were given in combination. When toxins were given separately, adverse effects took longer to occur. A system to monitor pattern and rate of defecation (RD) was developed for assessing the chicks' approach to feed, water and heat source as illness progressed. Our results indicate that chicks fed corn heavily infected withF. proliferatum under field conditions could suffer acute death similar to that described for ‘spiking mortality syndrome’ during the first 3 weeks of age.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Marasas WFO, Kriek NPJ, Fincham JE, van Rensburg SJ. Primary liver cancer and esophageal basal cell hyperplasia in rats caused byFusarium moniliforme. Int J Cancer 1984; 34: 383–87.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Bezuidenhout SC, Gelderblom WCA, Gorst-Allman CP, Horak RM, Marasas WFO, Spiteller G, Vleggaar R. Structural elucidation of the fumonisins, mycotoxins fromFusarium moniliforme. J Chem Soc Commun 1988; 743–45.

  3. Sydenham EW, Gelderblom WCA, Thiel PG, Marasas WFO. Evidence for the natural occurrence of fumonisin B1, a mycotoxin produced byFusarium moniliforme, in corn. J Agric Food Chem 1990; 38: 285–90.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Ross PF, Nelson PE, Richard JL, Osweiler GD, Rice LG, Plattner RD, Wilson TM. Production of fumonisins byFusarium moniliforme andFusarium proliferatum isolates associated with equine leukoencephalomalacia and a pulmonary edema syndrome in swine. Appl Environ Microbiol 1990; 56: 3225–26.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Marasas WFO, Nelson PE, Toussoun TA. Toxigenic Fusarium species, identity and mycotoxicology. University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 1984: 216–52

    Google Scholar 

  6. Nelson PE, Toussoun TA, Marasas WFO.Fusarium species: An illustrated manual for identification. University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Ross PF, Rice LG, Reagor JC, Osweiler GD, Wilson TM, Nelson HA, Owens DL, Plattner RD, Harlin KA, Richard JL, Colvin BM, Banton MI. Fumonisin B1 concentrations in feeds from 45 confirmed equine leukoencephalomalacia cases. J Vet Diagn Invest 1991; 3: 238–41.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Harrison LR, Colvin BM, Green JT, Newman LE, Cole JR. Pulmonary edema and hydrothorax in swine produced by fumonisin B1, a toxic metabolite ofFusarium moniliforme. J Vet Diagn Invest 1990; 2: 217–21.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Wilson TM, Ross PF, Rice LG, Osweiler GD, Nelson HA, Owens DL, Plattner RD, Reggiardo C, Noon T, Pickrell JW. Fumonisin B1 levels associated with an epizootic of equine leukoencephalomalacia. J Vet Diagn Invest 1990; 2: 213–16.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Ross PF, Rice LG, Plattner RD, Osweiler GD, Wilson TM, Owens DL, Nelson HA and Richard JL. Concentrations of fumonisin B1 in feeds associated with animal health problems. Mycopathologia 1991; 114: 129–35.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Marasas WFO, Kellerman TS, Pienaar JG, Naude TW. Leukoencephalomalacia: A mycotoxicosis of equidae caused byFusarium moniliforme Sheldon. Onderstepoort J Vet Res 1976; 43: 113–22.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Marasas WFO, Kellerman TS, Gelderblom WCA, Coetzer JAW, Thiel PG, van der Lugt JJ. Leukoencephalomalacia in a horse induced by fumonisin B1 isolated fromFusarium moniliforme. Onderstepoort J Vet Res 1988; 55: 197–203.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Haschek WM, Parker HM, Motelin G, Ness DK, Hall WF, Harlin KS, Beasley VR. Characterization of fumonisin induced injury to porcine lung [Abstract]. Tenth Internat Sym, Society Toxicol Pathol 1991.

  14. Ness DK, Motelin G, Vesonder R, Bane DP, Hall WF, Harlin KS, Beasley VR, Haschek WM. Fumonisin B1: A novel pulmonary and hepatotoxic mycotoxin of swine [Abstract]. The Toxicologist 1991;11:143.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Jaskiewicz K, van Rensburg SJ, Marasas WFO, Gelderblom WC. Careinogenicity ofFusarium moniliforme culture material in rats. J Nat Can Inst 1987; 78: 321–25.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Gelderblom WCA, Jaskiewicz K, Marasas WFO, Thiel PG, Horak RM, Vleggaar R, Kriek NPJ. Fumonisins — novel mycotoxins with cancer-promoting activity produced byFusarium moniliforme. Appl Environ Microbiol 1988; 54: 1806–11.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Marasas WFO, Wehner FC, van Rensburg SJ, van Schalkwyk DJ. Mycoflora of corn produced in human esophageal cancer areas in Transkei, southern Africa. Phytopathol 1981; 71: 792–96.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Kriek NPJ, Marasas WFO, Steyn PS, van Rensburg SJ, Steyn M. Toxicity of a moniliformin-producing strain ofFusarium moniliforme var.subglutinans isolated from maize. Food Cosmet Toxicol 1977;15: 579–87.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Kriek NPJ, Marasas WFO, Thiel PG. Hepato- and cardiotoxicity ofFusarium verticillioides (F. moniliforme) isolates from southern African maize. Food Cosmet Toxicol 1981;19: 447–56.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Haliburton JC, Vesonder RF, Lock TF, Buck WB. Equine leucoencephalomalacia (ELEM): A study ofFusarium moniliforme as an etiologic agent. Vet Human Toxicol 1979; 21: 348–51.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Cole RJ, Kirksey JW, Cutler HG, Doupnik BL, Peckham JC. Toxin fromFusarium moniliforme: effects on plants and animals. Science 1973; 179: 1324–26.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Marasas WFO, Smalley EB. Mycoflora toxicity and nutritive value of mouldy maize. Onderstepoort J Vet Res 1972; 39: 1–10.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Fritz JC, Mislivec PB, Pla GW, Harrison BN, Weeks CE, Dantzman JG. Toxicogenicity of moldy feed for young chicks. Poul Sci 1973; 52:1523–30.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Sharby TF, Templeton GE, Beasley JN, Stephenson EL. Toxicity resulting from feeding experimentally molded corn to broiler chicks. Poul Sci 1973; 52: 1007–14.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Qureshi MA, Hagler Jr WM. Effect of fumonisin-B1 exposure on chicken macrophage functions in vitro. Poul Sci 1992; 71:104–12.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Engelhart JA, Carlton WW, Tuite JF. Toxicity ofFusarium moniliforme var.subglutinans for chicks, ducklings and turkey poults. Avian Dis 1989; 33: 357–60.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Bennett GA, Ross PF, Casper HC. Determination of moniliformin and other Fusarium mycotoxins by high performance liquid chromatography [Abstract No. 38]. Proceed Midwest Reg Meet AOAC Int 1991.

  28. Shepherd MJ, Gilbert J. Method for the analysis in maize of the Fusarium mycotoxin moniliformin employing ionpairing extraction and high- performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatography 1986; 358: 415–22.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Vesonder R, Peterson R, Plattner R, Weisleder D. Fumonisin B1: Isolation from corn culture, and purification by high performance liquid chromatography. Mycotoxin Research 1990; 6: 85–88.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Knothe G, Bagby MO, Peterson RE, Hou CT. 7,10-Dihydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic acid: stereochemistry and a novel derivative, 7,10-dihydroxyoctadecanoic acid. J Am Oil Chem Soc 1992; 69: 367–71.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Burmeister HR, Ciegler A, Vesonder RF. Moniliformin, a metabolite ofFusarium moniliforme NRRL 6322: Purification and toxicity. Appl Environ Microbiol 1979; 37 13.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Reilly WM, Koelkebeck KW, Harrison PC. Performance evaluation of heat-stressed commercial broilers provided water-cooled floor perches. Poul Sci 1991; 70: 1699–1703.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Wilkinson, L. SYSTAT: the system for statistics. Evanston, IL: SYSTAT, Inc., 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Javed T, Bunte RM, Bennett GA, Richard JL, Dombrink-Kurtzman MA, Côté LM, Buck WB. Comparative pathologic changes in broiler chicks on feed amended withFusarium proliferatum culture material or purified fumonisin B1 and moniliformin. J Vet Diagn Invest 1993; (submitted).

  35. McFerran JB, Adair BM. Avian adenoviruses — a review. Avian Pathol 1977; 6: 189–217.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Dombrink-Kurtzman, MA, Bennett GA, Richard JL. Avian lymphocytes as in vitro models to predict fumonisin cytotoxicity [Abstract]. FASEB J 1992; 6: A2007.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Mosmann T. Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. J Immunol Meth 1983; 65: 55–63.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Richard JL. Mycotoxins as immunomodulators in animal systems. In: Bray GA, Ryan DH, eds. Mycotoxins, cancer, and health. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press, 1991: 197–220.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Beasley VR, Motelin G, Ness DK, Hall WF, Harlin KS, Schaeffer DJ, Haschek WM. Fumonisin contaminated corn screening: temporal and qualitative differences in the responses of swine as a function of dose [Abstract]. The Toxicologist 1992; 12: 33.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois

    T. Javed, L. M. Côté &  W. B. Buck

  2. National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USDA, Peoria, Illinois, USA

    G. A. Bennett, J. L. Richard & M. A. Dombrink-Kurtzman

Authors
  1. T. Javed
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. G. A. Bennett
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. J. L. Richard
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. M. A. Dombrink-Kurtzman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. L. M. Côté
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. W. B. Buck
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Javed, T., Bennett, G.A., Richard, J.L. et al. Mortality in broiler chicks on feed amended withFusarium proliferatum culture material or with purified fumonisin B1 and moniliformin. Mycopathologia 123, 171–184 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01111269

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01111269

Key words

Search

Navigation