Abstract
The ontogeny of the flower and the fruit of the Macaronesian endemicCeballosia were investigated morphologically and anatomically by SEM and LM. The fruit does not break into four mericarps, but splits into two two-seeded carpids. Exo- and mesocarp wither after fruit-ripening and the endocarp constitutes the remaining outer wall. Within the stony endocarp tubular parenchymatic isles develop which are linked with the mesocarp. Subsequent disintegration pretends additional locules in the mature fruit. Similar pericarp formations are also found in someHeliotropium species but result from a different ontogeny. Therefore, although a close relationship ofCeballosia toHeliotropium is obvious, the taxon should be treated as a separate genus.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
De Candolle, A., 1845: Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis Pars9. — Paris: Fortin & al.
Gerstberger, P., Leins, P., 1978: Rasterelektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen an Blütenknospen vonPhysalis philadelphica (Solanaceae). Anwendung einer neuen Präparationsmethode. — Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges.91: 381–387.
Gürke, M., 1897:Borraginaceae (Aperifoliaceae). — InEngler, A., Prantl, K., (Eds.): Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien4, Abt.3a, pp. 71–131. — Leipzig: Engelmann.
Hilger, H. H., 1985: Ontogenie, Morphologie und systematische Bedeutung geflügelter und glochidientragenderCynoglosseae- undEritricheae-Früchte (Boraginaceae). — Bot. Jahrb. Syst.105: 323–378.
—, 1987: Fruchtbiologische Untersuchungen anHeliotropioideae (Boraginaceae). 1. Die Ontogenie der monospermen Früchte vonHeliotropium supinum L. — Flora179: 291–303.
—,Medan, D., 1987: A simple method for exact alignment of small paraffin-embedded specimens to the cutting plane. — Stain Technol.62: 282–283.
Johnston, I. M., 1928: Studies in theBoraginaceae, 7. — Contr. Gray Herb.81: 3–83.
—, 1930: Studies in theBoraginaceae, 8. — Contr. Gray Herb.92: 3–95.
—, 1935: Studies in theBoraginaceae, 11. — J. Arnold Arbor.16: 145–205.
—, 1951: Studies in theBoraginaceae, 20. — J. Arnold Arbor.32: 1–26, 99–122.
Khaleel, T. F., 1978: Embryology ofHeliotropium scabrum andH. strigosum (Boraginaceae). — Pl. Syst. Evol.129: 45–62.
Kunkel, G., 1980: Die Kanarischen Inseln und ihre Pflanzenwelt. 1st edn. — Stuttgart, New York: Fischer.
Lamarck, J. B. A. P. de, 1788: Encyclopédie méthodique. Botanique2, pp. 401–774. — Paris.
Morauf, B., 1987: Untersuchungen zur Entwicklung der Infloreszenzen vonEchium vulgare (Boraginaceae). — InFischer, M. A., Kiehn, M., Vitek, E., (Eds.): Kurzfassungen der Beiträge zum 4. ÖBT, 82. — Wien: Institut für Botanik.
Rosanoff, S., 1866: Morphologisch-anatomische Studien. — Jahrb. wiss. Bot.5: 72–81.
Svensson, H. G., 1925: Zur Embryologie der Hydrophyllaceen, Borraginaceen und Heliotropiaceen mit besonderer Berücksichtigung auf die Endospermbildung. — Acta Univ. Lund1925 (2): 1–176.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Carpological investigations in theHeliotropioideae (Boraginaceae) 2. For part 1 seeHilger (1987).
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hilger, H.H. Flower and fruit development in the Macaronesian endemicCeballosia fruticosa (syn.Messerschmidia fruticosa, Boraginaceae, Heliotropioideae). Pl Syst Evol 166, 119–129 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00937880
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00937880