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Role of interleukin 6 in epithelial hyperproliferation and bone resorption in middle ear cholesteatomas

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Abstract

Locally produced pro-inflammatory cytokines are considered to play an important role in the initiation and/or maintenance of inflammatory diseases. In cholesteatomatous lesions there are increased levels of some cytokines and inflammatory mediators like interleukin 1, tumor necrosis factor and colony-stimulating factor, etc. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) can be produced by different cells present in cholesteatoma (e.g. keratinocytes, lymphocytes, fibroblasts and macrophages). Until now, no data have been available on the role of IL-6 in cholesteatoma. In this study we used immunohistochemistry to investigate the presence and distribution of IL-6 in tissue samples from cholesteatoma patients. Levels of the cytokine were quantified in tissue extracts using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Finally, the presence of biologically active IL-6 was analyzed in the murine cell line 7TD1. Human skin samples obtained from the external ear canal were used as controls. Using the anti-IL-6 antibody in an alkaline phosphatase anti alkaline phosphatase technique, a moderate diffuse staining of the whole epidermis was observed in sections of normal skin. In cryostat sections of cholesteatoma samples, a stronger staining of the whole epithelium was observed. Many of the cells infiltrating the cholesteatoma stroma also showed positive immunostainings. The concentration of IL-6 in relation to the total protein concentration in cholesteatoma (119.33 ± 30) were higher than in human skin (9.16 ± 13). While IL-6 activity was not detected in skin samples, two of the ten cholesteatoma samples studied showed a stimulatory effect when incubated with the cell line 7TD1. The overexpression of IL-6 in middle ear cholesteatoma suggests a participation of this cytokine in some of the clinical features seen: epithelial hyperproliferation and bone resorption. The absence of biological activity in the majority of the cholesteatoma samples points to the presence of natural inhibitors for IL-6.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany

    J. Bujía, C. Kim & . Kastenbauer

  2. Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain

    P. Ostos

  3. Institute for Experimental Hematology, GSF Research Center for Environmental and Health, Munich, Germany

    L. Hültner

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  1. J. Bujía
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  2. C. Kim
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  3. P. Ostos
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  4. . Kastenbauer
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  5. L. Hültner
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Bujía, J., Kim, C., Ostos, P. et al. Role of interleukin 6 in epithelial hyperproliferation and bone resorption in middle ear cholesteatomas. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 253, 152–157 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00615113

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00615113

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