Abstract
Dichlorvos (O,O-dimethyl-2:2-dichlorovinyl phosphate) was administered IP (3 mg/kg) daily for 10 days to a group of albino rats. Open field behavior was significantly depressed below the mean of the control group. On day 7, ambulation was reduced to 24% of the mean but recovered to 60% on day 10. Similarly, rearing response was decreased on day 7 and showed a fast recovery on day 10 but the preening response further declined on day 10. Defecation, on the contrary, was suppressed to 0% on day 7 and showed complete recovery on day 10. Motor activity showed a significant depression and fine movements were reduced more than gross movements in the second phase. Dopamine was significantly decreased on days 5 and 7 but showed a 13% recovery in the brain stem on day 10. Norepinephrine was significantly reduced in the cerebral hemisphere while serotonin was decreased both in cerebral hemisphere and brain stem. Neither of these two amines showed significant recovery on day 10. Interesting concordance of the open field behavioral changes with the levels of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin in the various regions of the rat brain was noticeable and has been discussed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ali, S. F., Hasan, M.: Effect of organophosphate insecticide dichlorvos on the amino acid content of different regions of the rat brain and spinal cord. Indian J. Exp. Biol. 15, 759–761 (1977)
Bami, H. L.: Detection of pesticide in human poisoning. Proceedings First All India Symposium on Progress and Problems in Pesticide Residue Analysis, Nov. 18/19, 1971. pp. 183–192, University of Ludhiana
Benkert, O., Gluba, H., Matussek, N.: Dopamine, norepinephrine and 5-hydroxytryptamine in relation to motor activity, fighting and mounting behaviour. Neuropharmacology 12, 177–186 (1973)
Burn, J. H., Rand, N. J.: ACh in adrenergic transmission. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. 5, 163–180 (1965)
Carlsson, A.: Some aspects of dopamine in the central nervous system. Adv. Neurol. 5, 59–68 (1974)
Ciba-Geigy Monograph, Nogos-Nuvan, pp. 19. Basel 1971
Fiscus, R. R., Van Meeter, W. G.: Effects of parathion on turnover and endogenous levels of norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) in rat brain. Fed. Proc. 36, 951 (1977)
Goodwin, F. K., Murphy, D. L., Brodie, H. K. H., Bunney, W. E.: l-Dopa, catecholamines and behaviour: A clinical and biochemical study in depressed patients. Biol. Psychiatry 2, 341 (1970)
Gupta, B. D., Dandiya, P. C., Gupta, M. L.: A psycho-pharmacological analysis of behaviour in rats. Jpn. J. Pharmacol. 21, 293–298 (1971a)
Gupta, B. D., Dandiya, P. C., Gupta, M. L., Gabba, A. K.: An examination of the effect of central nervous system stimulant and antidepressant drugs on open field performance in rats. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 13, 341–346 (1971b)
Hertz, L.: The biochemistry of brain tissue. In: The biological basis of medicine, E. E. Bitter, N. Bitter, eds., pp. 3–37. London, New York: Academic Press 1969
Holland, H. C., Gupta, B. D.: Some correlated measures of activity and reactivity in two strains of rats selectively bred for differences in the acquisition of a conditioned avoidance response. Anim. Behav. 14, 574–580 (1966)
Kulkarni, S. K., Dandiya, P. C.: On the mechanism of potentiation of amphetamine-induced stereotyped behaviour by imipramine. Psychopharmacologia 27, 367–372 (1972)
Matussek, N., Ruther, E.: Wirkungsmechanismus der Reserpinumkehr mit Desmethylimipramin. Med. Pharmacol. Exp. 12, 217–225 (1965)
Scheckel, C. L., Boff, E., Pazery, L. M.: Hyperactive states related to the metabolism of norepinephrine and similar biochemicals. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 159, 939–958 (1969)
Scheel-Kruger, J., Randrup, A.: Stereotyped hyperactive behaviour produced by dopamine in the absence of noradrenaline. Life Sci. 6, 1389–1398 (1967)
Taylor, K. M., Snyder, S. H.: Differential effects of d- and l-amphetamine on behaviour and on catecholamine disposition in dopamine- and norepinephrine-containing neurons of rat brain. Brain Res. 28, 295–309 (1971)
Thornburg, J. E., Moore, K. E.: A comparison of locomotor stimulant properties of amantadine and l- and d-amphetamine in mice. Neuropharmacology 11, 675–682 (1972)
Tracy, R. L., Woodcock, J. G., Chodroff, S.: Toxicological aspect of 2,2-dichlorovinyl-dimethyl-phosphate (DDVP) in cows, horses and white rats. J. Econ. Entomol. 53, 593–601 (1960)
Welch, A. S., Welch, B. L.: Solwent extraction method for simultaneous determination of norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in a single mouse brain. Anal. Biochem. 30, 161–169 (1969)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ali, S.F., Chandra, O. & Hasan, M. Effects of an organophosphate (Dichlorvos) on open field behavior and locomotor activity: Correlation with regional brain monoamine levels. Psychopharmacology 68, 37–42 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00426647
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00426647