Abstract
The chloroplastic atpB-rbcL spacer and the first 53 codons of the rbcL coding sequence was sequenced for 40 apple cultivars and 15 wild species. This chloroplast DNA region is 904 base pairs long, and only five mutations sites were found among the tested samples. Although the cpDNA variation was low, some parentages are proposed based on the maternal inheritance of plastid DNA: the male and female parents are specified, or else suggested, for Worcester, Discovery, Starking, Starkrimson, Kidd's Orange Red, Priscilla, and Gloster, as well as for the putative wild origin for Malus x domestica.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alston FH, Batlle I (1992) Genetic markers in apple breeding. Phytoparasitica 20:89S–92S
Aeppli A, Gremminger U, Kellerhals M, Rapillard C, Röthlisberger K, Rusterholz P (1989) Variétés de fruits. Centrale des moyens d'enseignement agricole, Zollikofen, Switzerland
Bossard R, Cuisance P (1984) Arbres et arbustes d'ornement des régions tempérées et méditerranéennes. Lavoisier, Paris
Bournival BL, Korban SS (1987) Electrophoretic analysis of genetic variability in the Apple. Sci Hort 31:233–243
Clegg MT, Brown AHD, Whitfeld PR (1984) Chloroplast DNA variation in wild and cultivated barley: implication for genetic conservation. Genet Res 43:339–343
Edwards K, Johnstone C, Thompson C (1991) A simple and rapid method for the preparation of plant genomic DNA for PCR analysis. Nucleic Acids Res 19:1349
Harada T, Matsukawa K, Sato K, Ishikawa R, Niizeki M, Saito K (1993) DNA-RAPDs detect genetic variation and paternity in Malus. Euphytica 65:87–91
Harris SA, Ingram R (1991) Chloroplast DNA and biosystematics: the effects of intraspecific diversity and plastid transmission. Taxon 40:393–412
Hughes (1920) Decades Kewensis. Kew Bull 1920:205–207
Ishii T, Terachi T, Tsunekawi K (1986) Restriction endonuclease analysis of chloroplast DNA from cultivated rice species Oryza sativa and O.glaberrima. Jpn J Genet 61:537–541
Ishikawa S (1993) History of cultivated apple with mitochondrial DNA. Kagaku to Seibutsu 31:609–611
Ishikawa S, Kato S, Imakawa S, Mikami T, Shimamoto Y (1992) Organelle DNA polymorphism in apple cultivars and rootstocks. Theor Appl Genet 83:963–967
Koller B, Lehmann A, McDermott JM, Gessler C (1993) Identification of apple cultivars using RAPD markers. Theor Appl Genet 85:901–904
Kwiatowski J, Skarecky D, Hernandez S, Pham D, Quijas F, Ayala FJ (1991) High fidelity of the polymerase chain reaction. Mol Biol Evol 8:884–887
Manen JF, Natali A, Ehrendorfer F (1994) Phylogeny of Rubiaceae-Rubieae inferred from the sequence of a cpDNA intergene region. Pl Syst Evol 190:195–211
Nybom H (1990) DNA fingerprints in sports of ‘the Red Delicious family’ apples. HortScience 25:1641–1642
Nybom H, Schaal B A (1990a) DNA “fingerprints” applied to paternity analysis in apples (Malus x domestica). Theor Appl Genet 79:763–768
Nybom H, Schaal BA (1990b) DNA “fingerprints” reveal genotypic distributions in natural populations of blackberries and rasberries (Rubus, Rosaceae). Am J Bot 77:883–888
Nybom H, Rogstad SH, Schaal BA (1990) Genetic variation detected by use of the M13 “DNA fingerprint” probe in Malus, Prunus, and Rubus (Rosaceae). Theor Appl Genet 79:153–156
Rogstad SH, Patton JC, Schaal BA (1988) M13 repeat probe detects DNA minisatellite-like sequences in gymnosperms and angiosperms. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85:9176–9178
Sargent CS (1913) Trees and shrubs. II. Houghton Mifflin, Boston New York
Savolainen V, Manen JF, Douzery E, Spichiger R (1994) Molecular phylogeny of families related to Celastrales based on rbcL 5′ flanking sequences. Mol Phyl Evol 3:27–37
Schneider CK (1904) Handbuch der Laubholzkunde I. Gustav Fisher, Jena
Shoemaker RC, Hatfield PM, Palmer RG, Atherly AG (1986) Chloroplast DNA variation in the genus Glycine subgenus Soja. J Heredity 77:26–30
Simon CJ, Weeden NF (1992) Molecular analysis of Malus ribosomal DNA. J Am Soc Hort Sci 117:164–168
Spichiger R, Savolainen V, Manen JF (1993) Systematic affinities of Aquifoliaceae and Icacinaceae from molecular data analysis. Candollea 48:459–464
Swofford D (1993) PAUP: Phylogenetic analysis using parsimony. Version 3.1. Smithsonian Institution
Terpó A (1968) Malus. In: Tutin TG, Heywood VH, Burges NA, Moore DM, Valentine DH, Walters SM, Webb DA (eds) Flora Europea, vol 2. Cambridge University Press, pp 66–67
Votteler W (1993) Verzeichnis der Apfel-und Birnensorten. Obstund Gartenbauverlag, München
Webb DM, Knapp SJ (1990) DNA extraction from a previously recalcitrant plant genus. Plant Mol Biol 8:180–185
Weeden NF, Lamb RC (1985) Identification of apple cultivars by isozyme phenotypes. J Amer Soc Hort Sci 110:509–515
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by G. Wenzel
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Savolainen, V., Corbaz, R., Moncousin, C. et al. Chloroplast DNA variation and parentage analysis in 55 apples. Theoret. Appl. Genetics 90, 1138–1141 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00222934
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00222934