Abstract
The atmospheric deposition of air pollutants at a forest edge was studied by means of monitoring canopy throughfall at the edge and at five different parallel lines in the forest behind the edge. The investigation was carried out at a pine forest on the Swedish west coast. Throughfall and bulk deposition samples were analyzed for volume, SO 2−4 , NO −3 , Cl−, NH +4 , Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, and for pH.
The results show that the throughfall flow at the edge was increased substantially for most ions. The ratios in throughfall flows between the edge and the line 50 m into the forest were for SO 2−4 , 1.5, NO −3 2.9, NH +4 2.7, and Na+ 3.1.
Since this effect is not only valid for forest edges but also for hillsides, hilltops, and edges between stands of different age, etc., there might be substantial areas which get much larger total deposition than the normally considered closed forest.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Cronan, C.: 1984, ‘Biogeochemical Responses of Forest Canopies to Acid Precipitation’, in R. Linthurst (eds.), Acid Precip. Series, No. 5, Butterworth Publ. Stoneham, U.S.A.
Dollard, G. J., Unsworth, M. H., and Harve, M. J.: 1983, Nature 302, 241.
Fowler, D., Cape, I. N., Jost, D., and Beilke, S.: 1985, Pollution Environment in Non-Nordic Europe, Abstracts, International Symposium on Acidic Precipitation, Muskoka, September 15–20.
Georgii, H.-W., Rohbock, E., and Perseke, C.: 1983, ‘Investigation of the Wet and Dry Deposition of Acidic and Heavy-Metal Components’, in H. Off and H. Strangl (eds.), Acid Deposition — a Challenge for Europe, Karlsruhe September 19–21, 1983, Commission of the European Communities.
Horntvedt, R.: 1975, Kjemisk inhold i nedbør under traer, Et litteratursammendrag, Tekniskt notat, sur nedbørs virkning på skog og fisk, Sekretariatet, Ås-NLH, Nørge.
Horntvedt, R., Dollard, G., and Joranger, E.: 1980, ‘Effects of Acid Precipitation on Soil and Forests, Atmosphere-Vegetation Interactions’, in D. Drabløs and A. Tollan (eds.), Ecological Impact of Acid Precipitation, Norway 1980, SNSF-project, pp. 192–193.
Huebert, B. J.: 1983, ‘Measurements of the Dry Deposition Flux of Nitric Acid Vapor to Grasslands and Forests’, in Pruppacher et al. (eds.), Precipitation Scavenging, Dry Deposition and Resuspension, Elsevier, Holland, p. 785.
Hultberg, H.: 1985, Ecol. Bull. 37, 133.
Hultberg, H., Grennfelt, P., and Olsson, B.: 1983, Wat. Sci. Tech. 15, 81.
Krause, G. H. M., Jung, K. O., and Prinz, B.: 1985, ‘Experimentelle Untersuchungen zur Aufklärung der neuartigen Waldschäden in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland’, VDI-Berichte 560, p. 627.
Lindberg, S. and Lovett, G. M.: 1985, Environ. Sci. Technol. 19, 238.
Lovett, G. M. and Reiners, W. A.: 1985, Relationships between Canopy Structure and Cloud Water Deposition in Sub-Alpine Forests, Abstracts, International Symposium on Acidic Precipitation, Muskoka, September 15–20.
Mayer, R. and Ulrich, B.: 1975, ‘Input of Atmospheric Sulfur by Dry and Wet Deposition to Two Central European Forest Ecosystems’, International Symposium on Sulfur in the Atmosphere, Dubrovnik 4–7 September, 1977.
Mengel, K. and Kirkby, E. A.: 1982, Principles of Plant Nutrition, third edition, International Potash Institute, Bern, Switzerland.
Nihl\0gdrd, B.: 1970, Oikos 21, 208.
Rehfuess, K. E.: 1983, ‘Über die fichtener Krankungen in den Hochlagen des Bayerischen Waldes’, VDI-Berichte, No. 500.
Rosén, K. and Lundmark-Thelin, A.: 1985, Throughfall Chemistry in a Mixed Coniferous Forest in Central Sweden, Reports in Forest Ecology and Forest Soils 51, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.
Ulrich, B.: 1983, ‘Effects of Accumulation of Air Pollutants in Forest Ecosystems’, in H. Off and H. Strangl (eds.), Acid Deposition — a Challenge for Europe, Karlsruhe September 19–21, 1983, Commission of the European Communities, p. 127.
Waldman, I. M., Munger, I. W. Jakop, D. J., Flanagan, R. C., Morgan, I. I., and Hoffman, M. R.: 1982, Science 218, 677.
Wiman, B. L. B.: 1985, ‘Aerosol Dynamics in Coniferous Forests’, Thesis, Department of Plant Ecology, University of Lund, Sweden.
Wisniewski, J.: 1982, Water, Air, and Soil Pollut. 17, 361.
Wood, T. and Borman, F. H.: 1975, Ambio 5, 160.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hasselrot, B., Grennfelt, P. Deposition of air pollutants in a wind-exposed forest edge. Water Air Soil Pollut 34, 135–143 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00184756
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00184756