Skip to main content
Log in

Redesigning sugarcane for resistance to Australian canegrubs: a potential IPM component

  • Papers
  • Published:
Integrated Pest Management Reviews

Abstract

Current management options to minimize the impact of canegrubs (larvae of melolonthine scarabs) on Australian sugarcane are heavily dependent on the use of synthetic insecticides. In developing a successful integrated pest management (IPM) programme for canegrubs, control options must be broadened. Plant resistance offers the potential for an easily deliverable and environmentally acceptable management option. Previous anecdotal reports suggest that Australian cultivars vary in their resistance to canegrubs. Many sugarcane clones (Saccharum spp. complex hybrids) have been screened and our studies have shown that there is variability in resistance through the reduction of the amount of tops, roots and stubble and in their effects on canegrub development and survival. Proteinase inhibitors, lectins and avidin have been identified as having activity against Australian canegrubs and are being introduced into the sugarcane genome. Toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis have shown little potential and are not being used further. We present a rationale for using resistant plants as a control option and for the incorporation of plant resistance into the breeding programme. Projected research will screen more sugarcane clones for resistance, study the nature of inheritance, identify chemical mechanisms involved in antibiotic effects, screen further antimetabolites for possible incorporation into the genome, prove the potential resistance of genetically engineered plants and incorporate plant resistance into an IPM programme for canegrubs.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • AllsoppP.G. (1995) An artificial diet suitable for testing antimetabolic products against sugarcane whitegrubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). J. Aust. Entomol. Soc. 34, 135–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • AllsoppP.G. and ChandlerK.J. (1989) Canegrub research and control in Australia since 1970. In G.Thompson (ed) Proceedings of the 20th Congress of the International Society of Sugar Cane Technologists, São Paulo, Brazil: International Society of Sugar Cane Technologists. pp. 810–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • AllsoppP.G., ChandlerK.J., SamsonP.R. and StoryP.G. (1993) Pests of Australian Sugarcane. Brisbane: Bureau of Sugar Experiment Stations.

    Google Scholar 

  • AllsoppP.G., RobertsonL.N., ChandlerK.J. and WalkerP.W. (1995) Management of canegrubs: future directions. In G.Thompson (ed) Proceedings of the 17th Conference of the Australian Society of Sugar Cane Technologists, Brisbane, Australia: Australian Society of Sugar Cane Technologists. pp. 88–96.

    Google Scholar 

  • AndersonJ. and LuckettE.J.R. (1960) Problems of grub control and varietal reaction to grub attack in the Isis area. Cane Growers' Q. Bull. 24, 30–1.

    Google Scholar 

  • AtkinsonA.H., HeathR.L., SimpsonR.J., ClarkeA.E. and AndersonM.A. (1993) Proteinase inhibitors in Nicotiana alata stigmas are derived from a precursor protein which is processed into five homologous inhibitors. Plant Cell 5, 203–13.

    Google Scholar 

  • BellA.F. (1934) The resistance of the seedling S.J.4 to grub damage in north Queensland. Cane Growers' Q. Bull. 2, 9–10.

    Google Scholar 

  • BellA.F. (1940) Grub damage to the variety S.J.2. Cane Grower's Q. Bull. 8, 40.

    Google Scholar 

  • BiggerJ.H., FlintW.P., ShropshireL.H. and FarrarM.D. (1939) Hybrid corn shows variation in resistance to white grubs. Illinois Agricult. Exp. Stn. Ann. Rep. 50, 161–2.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bosque-PérezN.A. and BuddenhagenI.W. (1992) The development of host-plant resistance to insect pests: outlook for the tropics. In S.B.J.Menken, J.H.Visser and P.Harrewijn (eds) Proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium on Insect—Plant Relationships, pp. 235–43. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • BowerR. and BirchR.G. (1992) Transgenic sugarcane plants via microprojectile bombardment. Plant J. 2, 409–16.

    Google Scholar 

  • BremerG. (1961) Problems in breeding and cytology of sugarcane. I. A short history of sugarcane breeding — the original forms of Saccharum. Euphytica 10, 59–78.

    Google Scholar 

  • BruinsB.G., SharlooW. and ThörigG.E.W. (1991) The harmful effect of light on Drosophila is diet-dependent. Insect Biochem. 21, 535–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • ChandraG. and GrayJ.G. (1990) Cloning and expression of avidin in Escherichia coli. Methods Enzymol., 184, 70–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • ChilcottC. and WigleyP. (1990) Toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis against grass grub (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). In D.E.Pinnock (ed) Proceedings of the Fifth International Colloquium on Invertebrate Pathology and Microbial Control, p. 342. Adelaide: Society for Invertebrate Pathology.

    Google Scholar 

  • ClarkeM.A. (1993) Sugars and nonsugars in sugarcane. In J.C.P.Chen and C.-C.Chou (eds) Cane sugar handbook, 12th edn, pp. 21–39. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • ConlongD.E. (1994) A review and perspectives for the biological control of the African sugarcane stalkborer Eldana saccharina Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Agricult. Ecosystem. Environ. 48, 9–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • CoxM.C. and HansenP.B. (1995) Productivity trends in southern and central regions and the impact of new varieties. In B.T.Egan (ed) Proceedings of the 17th Conference of the Australian Society of Sugar Cane Technologists, pp. 1–7 Brisbane: Australian Society of Sugar Cane Technologists.

    Google Scholar 

  • CoxM.C. and HogarthD.M. (1993) Progress and changes in the south Queensland selection programme. In B.T.Egan (ed) Proceedings of the 15th Conference of the Australian Society of Sugar Cane Technologists, pp. 251–5 Brisbane: Australian Society of Sugar Cane Technologists.

    Google Scholar 

  • CrockerR.L., MarshallD. and Kubica-BreierJ.S. (1990) Oat, wheat and barley resistance to white grubs of Phyllophaga congura (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 83, 1558–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • CzaplaT.H. and LangB.A., (1990) Effect of plant lectins on the larval development of European corn borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and southern corn rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 83, 2480–5.

    Google Scholar 

  • DallD., Lai-FookJ., RobertsonL. and WalkerP. (1995) Micro-organisms associated with mortality of greyback canegrubs. In B.T.Egan (ed) Proceedings of the 17th Conference of the Australian Society of Sugar Cane Technologists, pp. 106–9 Brisbane: Australian Society of Sugar Cane Technologists.

    Google Scholar 

  • DanielsJ. and RoachB.T. (1987) Taxonomy and evolution. In D.J.Heinz (ed.) Sugarcane improvement through breeding, pp. 7–84. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  • DentD. (1991) Insect Pest Management. Wallingford: CAB International.

    Google Scholar 

  • D'HontA., LuY-H., González de LeónD., GrivetL., FeldmannP., LanaudC. and GlaszmannJ.C. (1994) A molecular approach to unraveling the genetics of sugarcane, a complex polyploid of the Andropogoneae tribe. Genome 37, 222–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • DukicS., MatherP.B. and TaylorP.W.J. (1994) Development of biochemical genetic markers in sugarcane using celluloseacete electrophoresis. In Abstracts of the 4th International Congress of Plant Molecular Biology, no. 1867 International Society of Plant Molecular Biology. Amsterdam, Netherlands.

    Google Scholar 

  • EtzlerM.E. (1986) Distribution and function of plant lectins. In I.E.Liener, N.Sharon and I.J.Goldstein (eds) The lectins, pp. 371–435. New York: Academic.

    Google Scholar 

  • EvansH. (1964) The root system of sugarcane — an evaluation of its salient features. Indian J. Sugar Cane Res. Devel. 8, 160–71.

    Google Scholar 

  • EvansI.M., GatehouseL.N., GatehouseJ.A., YarwoodJ.N., BoulterD. and CroyR.R.D. (1990) The extensin gene family in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.): characterisation of sequences of representative members of the family. Mol. Gen. Genet. 223, 273–87.

    Google Scholar 

  • FedericiB.A. (1994) Bacillus thuringiensis: biology, application, and prospects for further development. In R.J.Akhurst (ed) Proceedings of the Second Canberra Meeting on Bacillus thuringiensis, pp. 1–15. Canberra: CSIRO.

    Google Scholar 

  • FittG.P., MaresC.L. and LlewellynD.J. (1994) Field evaluation and potential ecological impact of transgenic cottons (Gossypium hirsutum) in Australia. Bicontrol Sci. Technol. 4, 535–48.

    Google Scholar 

  • GambleyR.L., FordR. and SmithG.R. (1993) Microprojectile transformation of sugarcane meristems and regeneration of shoots expressing β-glucuronidase. Plant Cell Rep. 12 343–6.

    Google Scholar 

  • GatehouseA.M.R., BoulterD. and HilderV.A. (1992) Potential of plant-derived genes in the genetic manipulation of crops for insect resistance. In A.M.R.Gatehouse, V.A.Hilder and D.Boulter (eds) Plant genetic manipulation for crop protection, pp. 155–81. Wallingford: CAB International.

    Google Scholar 

  • GatehouseA.M.R., PowellK.S., PeumansW.J., VanDammeE.J.M. and GatehouseJ.A. (1995) Insecticidal properties of plant lectins: their potential in plant protection. In A.J.Pusztai and S.Bardocz (eds) Lectins: biomedical perspectives, pp. 35–57. London: Taylor and Francis.

    Google Scholar 

  • GatehouseJ.A. (1991) Breeding for resistance to insects. In D.R.Murray (ed.) Advanced methods in plant breeding and biotechnology, pp. 250–76. Wallingford: CAB International.

    Google Scholar 

  • GoldsteinI.J. and PoretzR.D. (1986) Isolation, physiochemical characterization, and carbohydrate-binding specificity of lectins. In I.I.Liener, N.Sharon and I.J.Goldstein (eds) The lectins, properties, functions, and applications in biology and medicine, pp. 33–247. New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • GopeM.L., KeinänenA., KristoP.A., ConneelyO.M., BeattieW.G., Zarucki-SchulzT., O'MalleyB.M. and KulomaaM.S. (1987) Molecular cloning of the chicken avidin gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 15, 3597.

    Google Scholar 

  • GouldF. (1994) Insect resistance to BT toxins — can it be delayed? In R.J.Akhurst (ed) Proceedings of the Second Canberra Meeting on Bacillus thuringiensis, pp. 37–41. Canberra: CSIRO.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gould, F. (1995) Can we develop durable resistance of cropping systems to pest complexes? Eur. J. Plant Pathol. (Suppl.), 464 (abstract).

  • GuptaB.D. and AvasthyP.N. (1957) Observations on a new beetle pest of sugarcane crop in Bihar. Indian Sugar 7, 587–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • HilderV.A. and GatehouseA.M.R. (1991) Phenotypic cost to plants of an extra gene. Transgenic Res. 1, 54–60.

    Google Scholar 

  • HillS.B. (1990) Pest control in sustainable agriculture. Proc. Entomol. Soc. Ontario 121, 5–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • HoegemeyerL.C. (1941) An association of root injury by white grubs, Phyllophaga spp., and lodging of crossbred strains of corn. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 33, 1100–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • HogarthD.M. and MullinsR.T. (1989) Changes in the BSES plant improvement programmeme. In B.T.Egan (ed) Proceedings of the 20th Congress of the International Society of Sugar Cane Technologists, pp. 956–61 Brisbane: Australian Society of Sugar Cane Technologists.

    Google Scholar 

  • HogarthD.M., ReimersJ.F., RyanC.C. and TaylorP.W.J. (1993a) Quantitative inheritance of Fiji disease resistance in sugarcane. Field Crops Res. 34, 175–86.

    Google Scholar 

  • HogarthD.M., RyanC.C. and TaylorP.W.J. (1993b) Quantitative inheritance of rust resistance in sugarcane. Field Crops Res. 34, 187–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • HolmesB. (1993) The perils of planting pesticides. New Sci. 139(1888), 34–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • JanzenD.H., JusterH.B. and LienerI.E. (1976) Insecticidal action of the phytohemagglutinin in black beans on a bruchid beetle. Science 192, 795–6.

    Google Scholar 

  • KnowlesB.H. (1994) Does the structure of Bacillus thuringiensis toxins explain their insecticidal mechanism? In R.J.Akhurst (ed) Proceedings of the Second Canberra Meeting on Bacillus thuringiensis, pp. 17–22. Canberra: CSIRO.

    Google Scholar 

  • KnustH.G., (1947) Resistance of Eros to grub attack. Cane Growers' Q. Bull. 10, 117.

    Google Scholar 

  • LevinsonH.Z. and BergmannE.D. (1959) Vitamin deficiencies in the housefly produced by antivitamins. J. Insect Physiol. 3, 293–305.

    Google Scholar 

  • LevinsonH.Z., BarelkovskyJ. and Bar IlanA.R. (1967) Nutritional effects of vitamin omission and antivitamin administration on development and longevity of the hide beetle Dermestes maculatus Deg. (Coleoptera, Dermestidae). J. Stored Prod. Res. 3, 345–52.

    Google Scholar 

  • LevinsonH.Z., LevinsonA.R. and offenbergerM. (1992) Effect of dietary antagonists and corresponding nutrients on growth and reproduction of the flour mite (Acarus siro L.). Experientia 48, 721–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • LuY.H., D'HontA., PauletF., GrivetL., ArnaudM. and GlaszmannJ.C. (1994a) Molecular diversity and genome structure in modern sugarcane varieties. Euphytica 78, 217–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • LuY.H., D'HontA., WalkerD.I.T., RaoP.S., FeldmannP. and GlaszmannJ.C. (1994b) Relationships among ancestral species of sugarcane revealed with RFLP using single copy maize nuclear probes. Euphytica 78, 1–18.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCaugheyW.H. and WhalonM.E. (1992) Managing insect resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis toxins. Science 258, 1451–5.

    Google Scholar 

  • McDougallW.A. (1940) Notes on the use of varieties in lessening grub damage to cane. Cane Growers' Q. Bull. 8, 48–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • McGhieT.K., ChristellerJ.T., FordR. and AllsoppP.G. (1995) Characterization of midgut proteinase activity of white grubs: Lepidiota noxia, Lepidiota negatoria and Antitrogus consanguineus (Scarabaeidae, Melolonthini). Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 28, 351–63.

    Google Scholar 

  • MalletJ. and PorterP. (1992) Preventing insect adaptation to insect-resistant crops: are seed mixtures or refugia the best strategy? Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 250, 165–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • MathesR. and CharpentierL.J. (1969) Varietal resistance in sugar cane to stalk moth borers. In J.R.Williams, J.R.Metcalfe, R.W.Mungomery and R.Mathes (eds) Pests of sugar cane, pp. 175–88. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  • MorganT.D., OppertB., CzaplaT.H. and KramerK.J. (1993) Avidin and streptavidin as insecticidal and growth inhibiting dietary proteins. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 69, 97–108.

    Google Scholar 

  • MoutiaL.A. and MametR. (1946) A review of twenty-five years of economic entomology in the island of Mauritius. Bull. Entomol. Res. 36, 439–72.

    Google Scholar 

  • MungomeryR.W. (1949) Control of the ‘greyback’ cane grub pest Dermolepida albohirtum Waterh., by means of ‘Gammexane’ (benzene hexachloride). Tech. Commun. Bur. Sugar Exp. Stns, Queensl. 4, 108–29.

    Google Scholar 

  • MungomeryR.W. and BuzacottJ.H. (1940) Varietal resistance to cane grubs. Cane Growers' Q. Bull. 8, 45–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • MurdockL.L., HuesingJ.E., NielsenS.S., PrattR.C. and ShadeR.E. (1990) Biological effects of plant lectins on the cowpea weevil. Phytochemistry. 29, 85–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Academy of Sciences (1969) Insect-pest Management and Control. Principles of Plant and Animal Pest Control Vol. 3. Washington: National Academy of Sciences.

    Google Scholar 

  • NussK.J., BondR.S. and AtkinsonP.R. (1986) Susceptibility of sugarcane to the borer Eldana saccharina Walker and selection for resistance. Proc. Sth. Afr. Sugar Technol. Assoc. 1986, 153–5.

    Google Scholar 

  • OgunwoluE.O., ReaganT.E. and DamannK.E. (1987) Efficacy of pest control strategies in Louisiana sugar cane: a preliminary survey. J. Agricult. Sci., Camb. 108, 661–5.

    Google Scholar 

  • OhbaM., IwahanaH., AsanoS., SuzukiN., SatoR. and HoriH. (1992) A unique isolate of Bacillus thuringiensis serovar japonensis with high larvicidal activity specific for scarabaeid beetles. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 14, 54–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • PandeyK.P., SinghR.K. and SinghD.N. (1994) Screening of sugarcane germplasm against shoot borer [Chilo infuscatellus Snellen] infestation. Indian Sugar 44, 173–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • PusztaiA., EwenS.W.B., GrantG., PeumansW.J., VanDammeE.J.M., RubioL. and BardoczS. (1990) The relationship between survival and binding of plant lectins during small intestinal passage and their effectiveness as growth factors. Digestion 46, 308–16.

    Google Scholar 

  • PusztaiA., EwenS.W.B., GrantG., BrownD.S., StewartJ.C., PeumansW.J., VanDammeE.J.M. and BardoczS. (1993) Antinutritive effects of wheat-germ agglutinin and other 50N-acetylglucosamine-specific lectins. Br. J. Nutr. 70, 313–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • RobertsonL.N., AllsoppP.G., ChandlerK.J. and MullinsR.T. (1995) Integrated management of canegrubs in Australia: current situation and future research directions. Aust. J. Agricult. Res. 46, 1–16.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodriguez del Bosque, L.A. (1982) Suceptibilidad de variedades de maiz al ataque de la gallina ciega, Phyllophaga crinita Burmeister. MS thesis, Instituto Technologico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Division de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Maritimas.

  • RyanC.A. (1990) Protease inhibitors in plants: genes for improving defenses against insects and pathogens. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol. 28, 425–49.

    Google Scholar 

  • ShirsatA.H., WilfordN., EvansI.M., GatehouseL.N. and CroyR.R.D. (1991) Expression of a Brassica napus extensin gene in the vascular system of transgenic tobacco and rape plants. Plant Mol. Biol. 17, 701–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • SkinnerJ.C. (1971) Selection in sugarcane: a review. In M.T.Henderson (ed) Proceedings of the 14th Congress of the International Society of Sugar Cane Technologists, pp. 149–62 New Orleans: International Society of Sugar Cane Technologists.

    Google Scholar 

  • SkinnerJ.C., HogarthD.M. and WuK.K. (1987) Selection methods, criteria, and indices. In D.J.Heinz (ed.) Sugarcane improvement through breeding, pp. 409–53. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  • SkinnerS.O. (1941) Resistance of new seedlings to frenchi grub attack. Cane Growers' Q. Bull. 8, 142–3.

    Google Scholar 

  • SreenivasanT.V., AhloowaliaB.S. and HeinzD.J. (1987) Cytogenetics. In D.J.Heinz (ed.) Sugarcane improvement through breeding, pp. 211–53. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  • StevensL. (1991) Egg white proteins. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 100B, 1–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • SuzukiN., HoriH., OgiwaraK., AsanoS., SatoR., OhbaM. and IwahanaH. (1992) Insecticidal spectrum of a novel isolate of Bacillus thuringiensis serovar Japonensis. Biol. Control 2, 138–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • SydenstrickerV.P., SingelS.A., BriggsA.P., DeVaughnN.M. and IsbellH. (1942) Observations of the ‘egg white injury’ in man and its cure with biotin concentrate. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 118, 1199–200.

    Google Scholar 

  • TabashnikB.E. (1994) Delaying insect adaption to transgenic crops: seed mixtures and refugia reconsidered. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 255, 7–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • TaniguchiG.Y., OtaA.K. and ChangV.S. (1980) Effects of Fiji disease-resistant sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) on the biology of the sugarcane delphacid. J. Econ. Entomol. 73, 660–3.

    Google Scholar 

  • TewT.L. (1987) New varieties. In D.J.Heinz (ed.) Sugarcane improvement through breeding, pp. 559–94. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  • VanDammeE.J.M., AllenA.K. and PeumansW.J. (1987) Isolation and characterization of a lectin with exclusive specificity towards mannose from snowdrop (Galanthus nivialis) bulbs. FEBS Lett. 215, 140–4.

    Google Scholar 

  • VanRieJ. (1991) Insect control with transgenic plants: resistance proof? TIBTECH 9, 177–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • VolpP. (1947) Varietal resistance to greyback grubs in the Mulgrave area. Cane Growers' Q. Bull. 10, 176–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • VyasR.V., YadavD.N. and PatelR.J. (1991) Studies on mass production of Bacillus popilliae var. holotrichiae a promising pathogen of white grub in Gujarat. Gujarat Agricult. Uni. Res. J. 17, 30–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • WhiteW.H. (1990) Yellow sugarcane aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) resistance mechanisms in selected sugarcane cultivars. J. Econ. Entomol. 83, 2111–4.

    Google Scholar 

  • WhiteW.H., LegendreB.L., MillerJ.D. and DunckelmanJ.W. (1993) Registration of five sugarcane borer resistant sugarcane germplasm clones. Crop Sci. 33, 348–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • WigleyP.J. and DhanaS. (1992) Development of an artificial diet and laboratory handling methods for the New Zealand grass grub, Costelytra zealandica. In T.A.Jackson and T.R.Glare (eds) Use of pathogens in scarab pest management, pp. 11–20. Andover: Intercept.

    Google Scholar 

  • WilliamsJ.R. and MoutiaL.A. (1954) Some aspects of sugarcane entomology in Mauritius. In K.McCowan (ed) Proceedings of the Eighth Congress of the International Society of Sugar Cane Technologists, pp. 570–3 Kingston, Jamaica: International Society of Sugar Cane Technologists.

    Google Scholar 

  • WilsonG. (1964) Greyback grub control: amended recommendations. Cane Growers' Q. Bull. 28, 48–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • WilsonG. (1969) Insecticides for the control of soil inhabiting pests of sugar cane. In J.R.Williams, J.R.Metcalfe, R.W.Mungomery and R.Mathes (eds) Pests of sugar cane, pp. 259–82. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  • WrattenS. (1992) Population regulation in insect herbivores —top-down or bottom-up? N. Z. J. Ecol. 16, 145–7.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Allsopp, P.G., McGhie, T.K., Cox, M.C. et al. Redesigning sugarcane for resistance to Australian canegrubs: a potential IPM component. Integr Pest Manag Rev 1, 79–90 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00142826

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00142826

Keywords

Navigation