Abstract
The planktonic protozoans (Ciliata and Testacea) of Cayuga Lake were studied from September 1974 through July 1975. Monthly collections were taken at four depths (surface, 15,31 and 92 m) at each of seven stations along the 125 m depth contour. All samples were collected with a 6-liter Van Dorn bottle sampler. Densities and biomass were determined for total protozoans and total zooplankton at each depth on each sampling date. Temperature profiles at one-meter intervals were also determined on or within a few days of the zooplankton sampling.
The vertical distribution of the total protozoans was directly related to temperature; maximum densities corresponded to high summer surface temperatures. Dominant protozoan taxa included Didinium nasutum, Stokesia vernalis, Codonella cratera, Strobilidium gyrans, Strobilidium sp., Strombidium viride, Paradileptus canellai, Difflugia limnetica, and unidentified ciliates belonging to the families Halteriidae, Holophryidae, Epistylidae, and Vorticellidae. Protozoans composed 69% or more of the total zooplankton density on nine of eleven dates. Protozoan dominance was most evident during winter and spring, corresponding to the near absence of rotifers and microcrustaceans. Protozoans accounted for 30% or more of the zooplankton biomass from April through June, reaching 47% in May.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Beers, J.R. & Stewart, G.L., 1969. Microzooplankton and its abundance relative to the larger zooplankton and other seston components. Mar. Biol. 4: 182–189.
Bick, H., 1972. Ciliata. In: Das Zooplankton der Binnengewässer. 1. Teil. Die Binnengewässer, Bd 26. E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart.
Bragg, A.N., 1960. An ecological study of the protozoa of Crystal Lake, Norman, Oklahoma. Wasmann J. Biol. 18: 37–85.
Burkholder, P.R., 1929. Microplankton studies in Lake Erie. Bull. Buffalo Soc. not. Sci. 14: 73–93.
Burkholder, P.R., 1931. IX Plankton studies in some northern New York waters. N.Y. State Cons. Dept. Suppl. 21st ann. Rept. 6: 222–251.
Chandler, C.C., 1940. Limnological studies of western Lake Erie. I. Plankton and certain physical-chemical data of the Bass Islands Region, from September, 1938, to November, 1939. Ohio J. Sci. 40: 291–336.
Cole, G.A., 1975. Textbook of Limnology. C.V. Mosby, St. Louis. 283 pp.
Cornell University, 1969. Ecology of Cayuga Lake and the Proposed Bell Station. (Nuclear Powered). A Summary Report, November. Cornell U niv. Water Resources and Marine Center, Ithaca, N.Y. Publ. 29.
Davis, C.C., 1958. An approach to some problems of secondary production in the western Lake Erie region. Limnol. Oceanogr. 3: 15–28.
Davis, C.C., 1962. The plankton of the Cleveland Harbor area of Lake Erie in 1956–57. Ecol. Monogr. 32: 209–247.
Davis, C.C., 1973. A planktonic Epistylis from a Newfoundland Lake. Trans. Am. micros. Soc. 92: 666–669.
Eddy, S., 1927. The plankton of Lake Michigan. Bull. ILL. Div. nat. Hist. Surv. 17: 203–232.
Edmondson, C.H., 1920. Protozoa of Devils Lake Complex, North Dakota. Trans. Am. micros. Soc. 39: 167–198.
Findenegg, I., 1943. Untersuchungen uber die Ökologie und die Produktionsverhältnisse des Planktons im Karntnen Seegebiete. Int. Revue, ges. Hydrobiol. Hydrogr. 43: 368–429.
Hutchinson, G.E., 1967. A Treatise on Limnology, Vol. II. Introduction to Lake Biology and the Limnoplankton. John Wiley, New York. 111 pp.
Kahl, A., 1935. Urtiere oder Protozoa. I. Wimpertiere oder Ciliata (Infusoria). 4: Peritricha and Chonotricha: 691–886.
Kofoid, C.H., 1896. Appendix II. A report upon the Protozoa observed in Lake Michigan and the inland lakes in the neighborhood of Charlevoix during the summer of 1894. Bull. Mich. Fish. Comm. 6: 76–84.
Kutkuhn, J.H., 1958. The plankton of North Twin Lake, with particular reference to the summer of 1955. Iowa St. Coll. J. Sci. 32: 419–450.
Likens, G.E. & Gilbert, J.J., 1970. Notes on quantitative sampling of natural populations of planktonic rotifers. Limnol. Oceanogr. 15: 816–820.
Noland, L.E., 1925. Factors influencing the distribution of freshwater ciliates. Ecology 6: 437–452.
Petrova, M.A., Smirnova, T.P., Ageyeva, T.A. & Khalturina, G.V., 1976. Planktonic infusorians in two lakes in Gor'kiy Province. Hydrobiol. J. 12: 22–27.
Ruttner, F., 1938. Limnologische Studien an einigen Seen der Ostalpen. (Seen des SalzKammergutes, des Ötscher- und Hochschwabgebietes). Arch. Hydrobiol. 32: 167–319.
Ruttner, F., 1952. Planktonstudien der Deutschen Limnologischen Sunda-Expedition. Arch. Hydrobiol., Suppl. 21: 1–274.
Schönborn, W., 1962. Über Planktismus und Zyklomorphose bei Difflugia limnetica (Levander) Penard. Limnologica 1: 21–34.
Smith, S.I., 1874. Sketch of the invertebrate fauna of Lake Superior. Rept. U.S. Fish. Comm. 1872–1873: 690–707.
Sorokin, Ju.I. & Paveljeva, E.B., 1972. On the quantitative characteristics of the pelagic ecosystem of Dalnee Lake (Kamchatka). Hydrobiologia 40: 519–552.
Stehle, M.E., 1923. Surface plankton Protozoa from Lake Erie in the Put-In-Bay region. Ohio J. Sci. 23: 41–54.
Wang, C.C., 1928. Ecological studies of the seasonal distribution of Protozoa in a freshwater pond. J. Morph. 46: 431–478.
Winberg, G.G. (ed.), 1971. Methods for the Estimation of Production of Aquatic Animals. Academic Press, New York. 175 pp.
Young, R.T., 1935. The life of Flathead Lake, Montana. Ecol. Monogr. 5: 92–163.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hunt, G.W., Chein, S.M. Seasonal distribution, composition and abundance of the planktonic Ciliata and Testacea of Cayuga Lake. Hydrobiologia 98, 257–266 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00021027
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00021027