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Role of Nanoparticles and Nanotherapeutics in the Diagnosis of Serious Zoonotic and Neurological Diseases

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Theranostic Applications of Nanotechnology in Neurological Disorders

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Abstract

Over the past few years, nanotechnology has emerged as a promising tool in the field of biomedical sciences for the diagnosis, treatment, and management of zoonotic diseases related to the central nervous system. Complicated pathogenesis of zoonotic diseases, blood-brain barrier, and unavailability of specified channels for drug delivery have made alternate treatment regimens more cumbersome and delayed, leading to increased prevalence of these diseases in different human and animal population settings. These zoonotic diseases also pose serious risks to global health and cause huge economic losses in developing countries by causing epidemics and pandemics. Nanomaterials or modified nanoformulations provide suitable prophylactic, preventive (antiviral, antibacterial, and antiparasitic), and functional outcomes to resolve chronic and acute infections. This technology has also been considered as the best alternative to antibiotics, antivirals, and antiparasitic drugs that promote resistance against viral, bacterial, and parasitic infections. These nanotherapeutics also provide timely solutions by avoiding unexpected further health risks to humans, animals, and the surrounding environment, thus ensuring biosafety in healthcare settings. Target-selected nano-materials such as metal nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, liposomes, and nanocrystals are administered through various routes in animals and humans, and these nanoparticles bind or manipulate the specific cellular receptors in host cells and also guide drug molecules along the drug delivery pathways in the central nervous system. In this chapter, various currently used diagnostics and treatment regimens of nanotechnology have been discussed among different neurodegenerative diseases such as cerebral malaria, trypanosomiasis, rabies, and listeriosis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Narowal Campus, Narowal, Pakistan

    Nida Wazir & Maria Asghar

  2. Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Sahar Younis

  3. Department of Basic Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Narowal Campus, Narowal, Pakistan

    Muhammad Ahsan Naeem

  4. Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Narowal Campus, Narowal, Pakistan

    Waqas Ahmad

  5. Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Narowal Campus, Narowal, Pakistan

    Qaiser Akram

  6. Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan

    Muhammad Akram Khan

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  1. Nida Wazir
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  2. Maria Asghar
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Correspondence to Waqas Ahmad .

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  1. Center for Neural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

    Akash Gautam

  2. Department of Physics, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, India

    Vishal Chaudhary

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Wazir, N. et al. (2023). Role of Nanoparticles and Nanotherapeutics in the Diagnosis of Serious Zoonotic and Neurological Diseases. In: Gautam, A., Chaudhary, V. (eds) Theranostic Applications of Nanotechnology in Neurological Disorders. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-9510-3_6

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