Abstract
The amazing genetic complexity of malignant tumors has been revealed because of advancements in genomic technology. A phenomenon known as intratumor heterogeneity is emerging evidence that solid tumors may have subpopulations of cells with different genetic changes within the same tumor. Particularly in the era of focused treatment, intratumor heterogeneity is anticipated to have ramifications for cancer treatments and biomarker development, and there is mounting evidence that it may be related to clinical outcomes. The primary factor in cancer-related death is tumor metastasis. The metastatic cascade and metabolic rewiring are closely related and work together to support various stages of cancer metastasis. Cancer cell metabolites have an impact on the metastatic cascade, which includes the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), the persistence of cells of cancer in the bloodstream, and metastatic colonization at out-of-reach sites. The action of prometastatic metabolites, which are tumor-derived, is mediated by several molecular pathways, involving epigenetic dysregulation, stimulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), enhancement of cancer stemness, and reduction of oxidative stress. On the other hand, prometastatic metabolites are produced by rate-limiting metabolic enzymes when metastatic signaling affects their expression and activity and the metastasis cascade is reinforced. Knowing how metabolism and metastasis interact intricately may lead to the discovery of new molecular targets, whose treatment may improve cancer therapy.
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Mir, M.A., Sumaya, Jan, N. (2023). Implications of Chemokine Heterogenicity in Cancer Metastasis. In: Mir, M.A. (eds) Cytokine and Chemokine Networks in Cancer. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-4657-0_4
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