Abstract
This paper proposes a new similarity score known as k-NN-SSc that is incorporated into the traditional k-NN classifier. The proposed similarity score computes the similarity between two instances, and the score is used to find the k-nearest neighbors of an unknown instance for the k-NN classifier. The effectiveness of the proposed k-NN-SSc similarity score measure is compared with Euclidean, Minkowski, Manhattan, Chebyshev, and Cosine distance measures. From the experimental results, we observed that the proposed measure performs better as compared to other competing measures in terms of Accuracy, F1 Score, and Matthew’s Correlation Coefficient (MCC) on 20 UCI repository datasets.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Guo G et al (2003) KNN model-based approach in classification. In: OTM confederated international conferences on the move to meaningful internet systems. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Bhattacharya G, Ghosh K, Chowdhury AS (2012) An affinity-based new local distance function and similarity measure for kNN algorithm. Pattern Recogn Lett 33(3):356–363
Dimensionality Invariant Similarity Measure, Ahmad Basheer Hassanat. arXiv:1409.0923 [cs.LG]
Ougiaroglou S, Nanopoulos A, Papadopoulos AN, Manolopoulos Y, WelzerDruzovec T (2007) Adaptive k-nearest-neighbor classification using a dynamic number of nearest neighbors. In: East European conference on advances in databases and information systems. Springer, pp 66–82
Zhong XF, Guo SZ, Gao L, Shan H, Zheng JH (2017) An improved k-NN classification with dynamic k. In: Proceedings of the 9th international conference on machine learning and computing, pp 211–216
https://machinelearningmastery.com/distance-measures-for-machine-learning/
Soucy P, Mineau GW (2001) A simple KNN algorithm for text categorization. In: Proceedings of the IEEE international conference on data mining, pp 647–648. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDM.2001.989592
Moutafis P, Leng M, Kakadiaris IA (2017) An overview and empirical comparison of distance metric learning methods. IEEE Trans Cybern 47(3):612–625. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCYB.2016.2521767
Prasatha VS et al (2017) Effects of distance measure choice on KNN classifier performance-a review. arXiv:1708.04321
Kahraman HT (2016) A novel and powerful hybrid classifier method: development and testing of heuristic k-nn algorithm with fuzzy distance metric. Data Knowl Eng 103:44–59
Gao Y et al (2012) A novel two-level nearest neighbor classification algorithm using an adaptive distance metric. Knowl Based Syst 26:103–110
Bilge HŞ, Kerimbekov Y, Uğurlu HH (2015) A new classification method by using Lorentzian distance metric. In: International symposium on innovations in intelligent systems and applications (INISTA), pp 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/INISTA.2015.7276764
Wang F, Sun J (2015) Survey on distance metric learning and dimensionality reduction in data mining. Data Min Knowl Disc 29(2):534–564
Hu L-Y et al (2016) The distance function effect on k-nearest neighbor classification for medical datasets. SpringerPlus 5(1):1–9
Suárez JL, García S, Herrera F (2021) A tutorial on distance metric learning: mathematical foundations, algorithms, experimental analysis, prospects and challenges. Neurocomputing 425: 300–322
Todeschini R et al (2015) N3 and BNN: two new similarity based classification methods in comparison with other classifiers. J Chem Inf Model 55(11):2365–2374
Geng Y et al (2018) RECOME: a new density-based clustering algorithm using relative KNN kernel density. Inf Sci 436:13–30
Gerhana YA et al (2017) The implementation of K-nearest neighbor algorithm in case-based reasoning model for forming automatic answer identity and searching answer similarity of algorithm case. In: 2017 5th international conference on cyber and IT service management (CITSM). IEEE
Kumar P, Raju BS, Radha Krishna P (2010) A new similarity metric for sequential data. Int J Data Warehous Min (IJDWM) 6(4):16–32
Jiang S et al (2012) An improved K-nearest-neighbor algorithm for text categorization. Exp Syst Appl 39(1):1503–1509
Zhang S et al (2017) Efficient kNN classification with different numbers of nearest neighbors. IEEE Trans Neural Netw Learn Syst 29(5):1774–1785
Yao Z, Ruzzo WL (2006) A regression-based K nearest neighbor algorithm for gene function prediction from heterogeneous data. BMC Bioinf 7(1). BioMed Central
Wang B, Liao Q, Zhang C (2013) Weight-based KNN recommender system. In: 2013 5th international conference on intelligent human-machine systems and cybernetics, vol 2. IEEE, 2013
Lim HS (2004) Improving kNN-based text classification with well-estimated parameters. In: International conference on neural information processing. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Yean CW et al (2018) Analysis of the distance metrics of KNN classifier for EEG signal in stroke patients. In: 2018 international conference on computational approach in smart systems design and applications (ICASSDA). IEEE
Shekhar S, Hoque N, Bhattacharyya DK (2022) PKNN-MIFS: a parallel KNN classifier over an optimal subset of features. In: Intelligent systems with applications, vol 14. Elsevier
Hoque N, Bhattacharyya DK, Kalita JK (2014) MIFS-ND: a mutual information-based feature selection method. Expert Syst Appl 41(14):6371–6385
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Khumukcham, R.S., Takhellambam, L., Urikhimbam, B.C., Yambem, R., Hoque, N. (2023). k-NN-SSc: An Effective Similarity Score for k-NN Classifier. In: Borah, S., Gandhi, T.K., Piuri, V. (eds) Advanced Computational and Communication Paradigms . ICACCP 2023. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 535. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-4284-8_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-4284-8_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-99-4283-1
Online ISBN: 978-981-99-4284-8
eBook Packages: Intelligent Technologies and RoboticsIntelligent Technologies and Robotics (R0)